(a) Interpretation: Whether 3 − phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted. Concept Introduction: Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

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Predict the organic products that form in the reaction below: H. H+ + OH H+ Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. G X C © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Access +

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A student proposes the transformation below in one step of an organic synthesis. There may be one or more reactants missing from the left-hand side, but there are no products missing from the right-hand side. There may also be catalysts, small inorganic reagents, and other important reaction conditions missing from the arrow. • Is the student's transformation possible? If not, check the box under the drawing area. . If the student's transformation is possible, then complete the reaction by adding any missing reactants to the left-hand side, and adding required catalysts, inorganic reagents, or other important reaction conditions above and below the arrow. • You do not need to balance the reaction, but be sure every important organic reactant or product is shown. + T X O O лет-ле HO OH HO OH This transformation can't be done in one step.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

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Answer 5

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 6

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 7

Chapter 22, Problem 22.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether 3− phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether 2− ethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether 3,3− dimethylbutanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis or not is to be predicted. If yes, then preparation of the given compound from diethyl malonate and any other reagent is to be predicted.

Concept-Introduction:

Diethyl malonate contains highly acidic α hydrogen atoms. The conjugate base can be formed by using alkoxide bases. Conjugate base of diethyl malonate is highly nucleophillic in nature. This reaction is used in the preparation of carboxylic acids.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.1P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.2P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.3P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.4P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.5P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.6P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.7P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.8P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.9P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that 3- phenylpropanoic acid can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis.

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Chapter 22 Solutions