(a) Interpretation: The structure of the conjugate base of 2 − nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C − H proton is to be stated. Concept introduction: Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

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6. Consider the following exothermic reaction below. 2Cu2+(aq) +41 (aq)2Cul(s) + 12(aq) a. If Cul is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). b. If Cu2+ is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). c. If a solution of AgNO3 is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). d. If the solvent hexane (C6H14) is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). Hint: one of the reaction species is more soluble in hexane than in water. e. If the reaction is cooled, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). f. Which of the changes above will change the equilibrium constant, K?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

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Answer 5

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

Answer 6

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Answer 7

Chapter 22, Problem 22.77AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the conjugate base of 2−nitropropane and the reason as to why it has acidic C−H proton is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Brønsted bases are those species which accept a proton. Base accepts a proton and forms conjugate acid. Brønsted acids are those species which donate a proton. Acid loses a proton and forms conjugate base. The acidity of the compound depends upon the stability of its conjugate base. The more stable the conjugate base, the more acidic the given compound. It also depends on the charge, inductive effects, the role of atom present.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the isomer which is obtained from the protonation of conjugate base of 2−nitropropane that gives back 2−nitropropane is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Tautomers are isomers which differ only in the position of the protons and electrons of the double bond of the electronegative atom in the compound. There is no change in the carbon skeleton of the compound. This phenomenon which involves simple proton transfer in an intramolecular fashion is known as tautomerism. It can be acid or base-catalyzed.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product obtained from the reaction of 2−nitropropane with ethyl acrylate in the presence of NaOEt in EtOH is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The compound 2−nitropropane is a colorless solvent. It is produced from hydantoin preparation as a by-product and from the nitration of propane. It is used in inks, paints, fuel and so on. It is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.1P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.2P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.3P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.4P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.5P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.6P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.7P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.8P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.9P Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.10P

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Chapter 22 Solutions