(a)
Interpretation:
In which conditions the glycolysis occurs has to be identified from the given set of options.
Concept Introduction:
Glycolysis: This is the metabolic process that serves as the foundation for both aerobic and anaerobic
(b)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that, in which conditions the hydrolysis of free glycolysis undergoes.
Concept Introduction:
Glycolysis: This is the metabolic process that serves as the foundation for both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration, in glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate. Glucose is a six-membered ring molecule found in the blood and is usually a result of the breakdown of carbohydrates into sugars. It enters cells though specific transporter proteins that move it from outside the cell into the cell cytosol.
(c)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that, in which conditions the pentose phosphate pathway undergoes.
Concept Introduction:
Pentose phosphate pathway: The biochemical pathway that produce ribose NADPH and other sugar phosphates from glucose an alternative to glycolysis.
Glycogenesis is the process of glycogen synthesis, in which glucose molecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage.
(d)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that, in which conditions the glycogenesis pathway undergoes.
Concept Introduction:
Glycogenolysis: The biochemical pathway for breakdown of glycogen to free glucose.
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative pathway of glucose oxidation.(a). Give the two main products of this pathway.(b). Name the enzyme that controls this pathway. The deficiency of this enzyme is sometimes inherited from the parents. What do these patients suffer from?(c). How is this pathway related to nucleotide metabolism?arrow_forwardThe pathway that converts glucose to acetyl-CoA is often referred to as an “aerobic oxidation pathway.” (a) Is molecular boxygen involved in any of the steps of glycolysis? (b) Thinking back to Chapter 20, where does molecular oxygen enter the picture?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true? (a) Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. (b) Glycolysis can proceed under low oxygen levels with the assistance of fermentation. (c) Glycolysis produces less ATP than does either the Krebs cycle or oxidative phosphorylation. (d) Glycolysis produces most of the ATP required by aerobic organisms like us.arrow_forward
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- Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are determined using its formula. In addition, you should explain what those factors are including cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, resistance, a-vO2 difference, etc. Describe how many ATPs can be generated by complete cycles of beta oxidation of free fatty acid with 20 carbons. You should indicate how many cycles of beta oxidation and Krebs cycle, and total number of products as wellarrow_forward..a) Draw all of the reactions that occur in the aerobic metabolism of glucose that hydrolyze a thiolester bond. In your answer, include complete structural formulae as well as the names of any cofactors, enzymes, reactants and products. b) Explain why the free energy changes that characterize these reactions are so exergonic. Include a figure in your answer. ( c) If you were to completely catabolize 3 molecules of glucose under aerobic conditions, what would the ATP yield be as a result of the reactions that you've drawn above?arrow_forwardWhich of the following metabolic process produces NADH or NADPH? And which process requires the reducing power of NADH or NADPH as a cofactor? (1) Glycolysis(2) Gluconeogenesis(3) Pentose Phosphate Pathway(4) TCA cycle(5) Oxidative Phosphorylation(6) Catabolism of fatty acids(7) Anabolism of fatty acids Produce NADH or NADPH: (1) (3) (4) (6); Require NADH or NADPH: (2) (5) (7) Produce NADH or NADPH: (3) (4) (7) ; Require NADH or NADPH: (1) (2) (5) (6) Produce NADH or NADPH: (2) (3) (4) (6); Require NADH or NADPH: (1) (5) (7) Produce NADH or NADPH: (1) (3) (4) (7); Require NADH or NADPH: (2) (5) (6)arrow_forward
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