(a)
Interpretation:
The conditions that direct pyruvate towards entry into the citric acid cycle should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Fundamental of Citric acid cycle,
- This is a series of enzyme-catalysed
chemical reactions , which is of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part ofcellular respiration . - This cycle initially with the transfer of a two-carbon acetyl group from acetyl-CoA (co-enzyme) to the four-carbon acceptor compound (oxaloacetate) to from a sis-carbon compound like citrate.
- The citrate than goes through a series of chemical transformation, losing two carbonyl groups as the carbon dioxide.
(b)
Interpretation:
The conditions that direct pyruvate was converted into ethanol and
Concept Introduction:
Anaerobic conditions: This process is any organisms that does not require oxygen for growth, it react negatively or even die if free oxygen is present.
This process used for industrial or domestic process to manage waste or to product fuels.
(c)
Interpretation:
The conditions that direct pyruvate was converted into lactate and in which organism (or) tissues are involved in this process, should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
It is the totally of an organism chemical reaction,
Metabolism is an emergent property of life that arises from interactions between molecules within the cell.
The pathway begins with a specific molecule and ends with product.
(d)
Interpretation:
The conditions that direct pyruvate was converted into glucose and in which organism (or) tissues are involved in this process, should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Gluconeogenesis is the process of formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.
It is occur in all microorganism,
The process occurs only in liver and kidney, partially occurs in cytoplasm and in mitochondria.
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
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