Chapter 20, Problem 70A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structure of 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhexanal has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction: Aldehydes contains the carbonyl group.

  

In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is attached at the end of the hydrocarbon chain. The carbonyl carbon is bonded to atleast one hydrogen.

Aldehydes have a general formula of $R-CHO.$ The general structure of an aldehyde is,

  

Answer to Problem 70A

The structure of 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhexanal is,

  

Explanation of Solution

The compound 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhexanal is an aldehyde. Aldehydes are organic compounds that have a carbonyl carbon attached to atleast one hydrogen atom. The general formula of aldehyde is $R-CHO.$

The general structure of an aldehyde is,

  

Where,

  $R$ represents hydrocarbon fragment.

In 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhexanal,

The parent chain is hexane (six carbon atoms), since it is an aldehyde it becomes hexanal.

The carbonyl carbon occupies the first position.

The prefix “penta-” in pentahydroxyl shows the presence of five-hydroxyl groups.

The substituent hydroxyl is placed in the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth positions.

The structure of 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhexanal is,

  

Conclusion

The structure of 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxylhexanal is,