Bundle: Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life, Loose-leaf Version, 14th + LMS Integrated for MindTap Biology, 2 terms (12 months) Printed Access Card
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305775480
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: The mechanism of penicillin action in halting binary fission in bacteria.
Concept introduction: Bacteria propagate by binary fission which is a mode of asexual reproduction that involves splitting of the cell into two viable cells. Penicillin is the antibiotic that is widely used against gram-positive bacteria. It goes with the beta-lactam family primarily known for the inhibition of growth in the bacterial cells and ultimately ends in killing the bacteria. Penicillin specifically interrupts the peptidoglycan synthesis that is a principle component of the bacterial cell wall.
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A clinical microbiologist is studying a microbe that can cause infections and gastrointestinal disease in humans, and which can also survive and reproduce in mice. A dormant cyst form of the microbe infects human hosts through fecal-oral transmission if they come in contact with mouse droppings and don’t wash their hands before eating. The organism grows in long filaments when grown at 20-28 deg C, and forms round/ovoid cells when grown at temperatures above 28 deg C. Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes) occurs in both humans and mice. A cell wall is present, and cells contain nuclei. This microbe could be which of the following?
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Bacterial binary fission is proof that cells arise from pre-existing cells.
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Complete the following statement about conjugation.
Bacterial confirmation is the equivalent of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes in that it necessitates cell to cell contact. The donor cell just contain a 1. Blank which is distinct from the larger bacterial chromosome. The 2. Blank carry genes in the 3. Blank which regular the conjugation process
Chapter 20 Solutions
Bundle: Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life, Loose-leaf Version, 14th + LMS Integrated for MindTap Biology, 2 terms (12 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1SQCh. 20 - Prob. 2SQCh. 20 - Prob. 3SQCh. 20 - Prob. 4SQCh. 20 - __________ do not reproduce sexually. a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 6SQCh. 20 - Adapting to Host Defenses Surface proteins called...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2DAACh. 20 - Prob. 3DAACh. 20 - Adapting to Host Defenses Surface proteins called...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 7SQCh. 20 - Bacteria that serve as decomposers are ___ . a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 9SQCh. 20 - Formation of a(n) ___ allows some soil bacteria to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11SQCh. 20 - Prob. 12SQCh. 20 - Which of these diseases is caused by bacteria? a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 14SQCh. 20 - Prob. 15SQCh. 20 - If a cut or scrape becomes infected,...Ch. 20 - The adenoviruses that cause colds do not have a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3CTCh. 20 - Prob. 4CT
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- Describe why a biofilm is so resistant and able to withstand standard antibiotics. What specifically makes a biofilm so difficult to kill? Explain the process of binary fission and how it differs from eukaryotic cell divison.arrow_forwardDifferentiate binary fission of bacteria and budding of yeast.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE? Log cell numbers 1 Time a) The generation time for bacteria is usually the same from species to species. b) In the lag phase, cell death exceeds cell division. c) Bacteria typically divide by budding, producing a daughter cell that is smaller than the parental cell. d) In the death phase, bacterial growth stops because of nutrient depletion and waste accumulation.arrow_forward
- Under the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of the eukaryotic cell. The ancestor of mitochondria and chloroplasts original became part of mutualism with a larger host cell. Which of the following best explains this mutualism? A) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided specialized reproduction as part of the proto-germ line while the larger host cell provided energy for growth and reproduction. B) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided gene products that could be used by the larger host cell for improved parasitization. C) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided molecular energy in return for protection by the larger host cell. D) The mitochondria and chloroplasts produce toxins that the larger cell utilized to defend itself from other cells mutually increasing the defense of all those involved.arrow_forwardIf the generation time of Escherichia coli is 30 minutes, starting with 4 E. coli cells, how many cells can you obtain after 2 hours of growth? A: cellsarrow_forwardWhat type of cell is circled in black? Hint: This is a single cell.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is false of bacterial reproduction? Bacterial reproduction is slow in comparison to eukaryotes Bacterial reproduction is asexual The new individuals produced by bacterial reproduction are genetically identical clones Bacteria need to form conjugation tubes in order to reproducearrow_forwardSelect the process NOT associated with bacteria reproduction:binary fission, parent cell elongation, DNA replication, mitosis, new cell wall synthesisarrow_forwardConsider that two bacteria produced by binary fission do not have the same phenotype. The most likely explanation is that they are genetically different. the cells are not undergoing transcription and translation. the cells have different cell wall compositions. they have different gene expression.arrow_forward
- Which of the following structures is most likely missing in a bacterium that regenerates from an endospore lacking any of the plasmids from the original cell? Oa chromosome water in its cytoplasm antibiotic-resistant genes a cell wallarrow_forwardUse the following diagram to answers the questions. A. Is this cell Gram + or Gram -? Provide 2 pieces of evidence to support your choice. B. If you are infected by this bacterium can the antibiotic be effective in killing it. Explain. C. NAME and label the structures in the diagram that could be involved in conjugation? Why conjugation is an important process for the bacteriaarrow_forwardAlexander Fleming was working with bacteria called staphylococcus, which looked like bunches of grapes under the microscope. He could grow colonies of these bacteria on petri dishes with a growth medium. When he returned from vacation, he found that several of these dishes had become contaminated with a fungus. The colonies near where the fungus was growing had been destroyed. Fleming then grew the mold and purposefully added it to a petri dish that contained bacteria colonies. The colonies exposed to the mold died. Fleming named the substance within the mold that killed bacteria "penicillin." REASONING: If mold contains a substance that kills bacteria, then ... a) bacteria exposed to mold would be destroyed b) bacteria could be grown on a growth medium c) fungus can be grown as easily as bacteriaarrow_forward
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