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- Yeast is a facultative anaerobe. This means that alcohol fermentation takes place only if: the temperature is close to 37°C the atmosphere does not contain oxygen sugar is provided to the cells light is provided to the cellsThe proteobacteria in the genus Pseudomonas are important spoilers of food. The rate at which food spoils is dependent on temperature. The data in the Figure show the relationship between the square root of the growth rate (how fast the population is growing per day; unitless) and the temperature of the culture. Does typical refrigeration (temperature lowered to 4C) appear sufficient to limit growth rate compared to room temperature (20C)?Members of which phylum produce a club shaped structure that contains spores? Chytridiomycota Basidicmycota Glomeromycota Ascomycota
- The amoeba E. histolytica is a pathogen that forms liver abscesses in infected individuals. Its metabolic classification is most likely. Anaerobic heterotroph Mixotroph Aerobic phototroph Phagocytic autotrophWhat characteristic of Charales would enable them to survive a dry spell? sperm with flagella phragmoplasts sporopollenin chlorophyll aPiotists with the capabilities to perform photosynthesis and to absorb nutrients from dead organisms are called _____________. photoautotrophs mixotrophs saprobes heterotrophs
- Which statement about thylakoids in eukaryotes is not correct? a. Thylakoids are assembled into stacks. b. Thylakoids exist as a maze of folded membranes. c. The space surrounding thylakoids is called stroma. d. Thylakoids contain chlorophyll.Where in eukaryotic cells does the Calvin cycle take place? thylakoid membrane thylakoid lumen chloroplast stroma granumFigure 24.17 Which of the following statements is true? A basidium is the fruiting body of a mushroom-producing fungus, and it forms four basidiocarps. The result of the plasmogamy step is four basidiospores. Karyogamy results directly in the formation of mycelia. A basidiocarp is the fruiting body of a mushroom-producing fungus.
- Which process produces an inorganic compound that plants can easily use? photosynthesis nitrogen fixation mycorrhization Galvin cycleThe genus Ferroplasma consists of a few species of acid-loving archaea. One species, F. acidarmanus, was discovered to be the main component of slime streamers (a type of biofilm) deep inside an abandoned California copper mine (Figure 4.11A). F. acidarmanus cells use an ancient energy-harvesting pathway that combines oxygen with ironsulfur compounds in minerals such as pyrite. This reaction dissolves the minerals, so groundwater that seeps into the mine ends up with extremely high concentrations of metal ions such as copper, zinc, cadmium, and arsenic. The reaction also produces sulfuric acid, which lowers the pH of the water around the cells to zero. Despite living in an environment with a composition similar to hot battery acid, F. acidarmanus cells maintain their internal pH at a cozy 5.0. Thus, researchers investigating Ferroplasma metabolic enzymes were surprised to discover that most of the cells enzymes function best at very low pH (Figure 4.11B). A. Deep inside one of the most toxic sites in the United States: Iron Mountain Mine, in California. The water in this stream, which is about 1 meter (3 feet) wide in this photo, is hot (around 40C, or 104F), heavily laden with arsenic and other toxic metals, and has a pH of zero. Slime streamers growing in it are a biofilm dominated by a species of archaea, Ferroplasma acidarmanus. B. pH profiles of four enzymes isolated from F. acidarmus. Researchers had expected these enzymes to function best at the cells cytoplasmic pH (5.0). What does the dashed line signify?Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict correctly that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?
