Chapter 19, Problem 49PE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given condensed structural formula, $\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}\text{CHBrCOOH}$ has to be identified by using the IUPAC rules.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming carboxylic acids:

• Identify the parent carbon chain in the given compound must contain the carboxyl functional group at the end. If two or more chains have the same carbon lengths, choose the chain with a greater number of substituents bonded to it.
• The carboxylic acid IUPAC name is derived from the respective alkane. Thus, the parent compound name is devised by replacing the $\text{-}e$ ending of the alkane to $\text{-}oicacid$.
• The parent carbon chain is always numbered from the carboxyl group end.
• Identify and name the alkyl groups including their positions on the parent carbon chain.
• If the parent carbon chain contains two or more same kinds of alkyl groups, indicate this repetition by a numerical multiplier ($di\text{-}$, $tri\text{-}$ and so on) used before the alkyl-group name. The numbers for alkyl group positions are separated by a comma and the alkyl-group name and the position number is separated by a hyphen.
• If the parent carbon chain contains several different alkyl groups, arrange them in alphabetical order (do not consider numerical multipliers). Write all alkyl group names that include their locants in front of the parent compound’s name.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given condensed structural formula, $\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{=CHC}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ has to be determined with the help of the IUPAC rules.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for $\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ has to be identified by using the IUPAC rules.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given condensed structural formula has to be converted into its IUPAC name by using the IUPAC rules.

Concept Introduction:

IUPAC rules for naming aromatic carboxylic acids:

• The very simple aromatic carboxylic acid is named as $\text{benzoic acid}$.
• The parent compound’s name for the substituted aromatic carboxylic acids is $\text{benzoic acid}$.
• The substituents present on the benzene ring are named with their locants (numbers) to show the location correctly with respect to the carboxylic acid. Assume the position of the carboxylic acid on the benzene ring is 1.