EBK FOUNDATIONS OF COLLEGE CHEMISTRY
EBK FOUNDATIONS OF COLLEGE CHEMISTRY
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781118930144
Author: Willard
Publisher: JOHN WILEY+SONS INC.
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Chapter 1, Problem 1RQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The difference between a hypothesis and the theory has to be given.

(a)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

Hypothesis:

A hypothesis is a reasonable guess based on the limited data which acts as a foundation for the further investigation.  A hypothesis is not tested and proven scientifically.  The results are uncertain and it relies on the possibility.

Theory:

A theory is a well correct explanation of a natural phenomenon that is validated through observation and experimentation and it is base on wide range of data.  A theory is tested and proven scientifically and the results are certain and it relies on evidence.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The difference between theory and scientific law has to be given.

(b)

Expert Solution
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Explanation of Solution

Theory:

A theory is a well correct explanation of a natural observable fact that is validated through observation and experimentation and it is base on wide range of data.  A theory is tested and proven scientifically and the results are certain and it relies on evidence.

Example:

A theory tries to provide the most logical explanation about why things happen as they do. A theory might raise dominant and recessive genes to explain how brown-haired parents ended up with a red-headed child, or use gravity to shed light on the parabolic trajectory of a baseball.

Scientific law:

A scientific law is the description of an observed fact.  It doesn’t explain why the observable fact exists or what causes it.

Example:

A scientific law predicts the results of unborn child’s possible hair colors, or how far a baseball travels when launched at a certain angle.

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The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of combustion by the French chemist Lavoisier in the eighteenth century. Match the statement with the appro- priate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method. (a) A metal is burned in a closed container, and the change in mass of the solid and volume of the gas is measured.(b) Oxygen gas combines with a substance during its combustion.(c) Combustion of a metal in a closed container ceases after a length of time.
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