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Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321948908
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 18P
When the human genome is examined, the chromosomes appear to have undergone only minimal rearrangement in the
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
Ch. 18 - You have discovered a new species of Archaea from...Ch. 18 - 16.2 Repetitive DNA poses problems for genome...Ch. 18 - 16.3 When the whole-genome shotgun sequence of the...Ch. 18 - How do cDNA sequences facilitate gene annotation?...Ch. 18 - 16.5 How do comparisons between genomes of related...Ch. 18 - 16.6 You are designing algorithms for the...Ch. 18 - 16.7 You have sequenced a region of the Bacillus...Ch. 18 - You have just obtained 100-kb of genomic sequence...Ch. 18 - 16.9 The human genome contains a large number of...Ch. 18 - Based on the tree of life in Figure 16.12, would...
Ch. 18 - 16.11 When comparing genes from two sequenced...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - 16.16 Consider the phylogenetic tree below with...Ch. 18 - You have isolated a gene that is important for the...Ch. 18 - 16.18 When the human genome is examined, the...Ch. 18 - Symbiodinium minutum is a dinoflagellate with a...Ch. 18 - Substantial fractions of the genomes of many...Ch. 18 - 16.21 A modification of the system, called the ...Ch. 18 - 16.22 A substantial fraction of almost every...Ch. 18 - 16.23 In the globin gene family shown in Figure ,...Ch. 18 - You are studying similarities and differences in...Ch. 18 - In conducting the study described in Problem 24,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - If you were to compare your genome sequence with...
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- Mitochondrial DNA sequences have been detected in the nuclear genomes of many organisms, and cpDNA sequences are sometimes found in the mitochondrial genome. Propose a mechanism for how such “promiscuous DNA” might move between nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genomes.arrow_forwardThe genome of Daphnia pulex, a small freshwater crustacean, includesapproximately 30,000 genes in ∼200,000 kb of DNA. How does the genome compare to that of Drosophila melanogaster, another arthropod, and to that of humans?arrow_forwardNext-generation sequencing reveals that six new mutations have occurred in the coding regions of genes in an individual diploid fly. If the coding regions of this fly comprise 100 million nucleotides per haploid genome, what is the mutation rate per nucleotide?arrow_forward
- Huntington’s disease is a hereditary central nervous system disorder characterized by tandem repeats of the sequence 5'-CAG-3' in the gene that encodes a protein called huntingtin. The disease is progressive from generation to generation, meaning that in later generations the number of CAG repeats increases and the age of onset of symptoms decreases. Refer to Figure 21.4 and describe the sort of evidence supporting the generational increase in the number of CAG repeats.arrow_forwardAlthough DNA transposons are abundant in the genomes of multicellular eukaryotes, class 1 elements usually make up the largest fraction of very large genomessuch as those from humans (~2500 Mb), maize (~2500Mb), and barley (~5000 Mb). Given what you knowabout class 1 and class 2 elements, what is it about theirdistinct mechanisms of transposition that would accountfor this consistent difference in abundance?arrow_forwardThe Japanese canopy plant (Paris japonica) has one of the largest of all eukaryotic genomes, with approximately 150 billion base pairs, about 50 times the size of the human genome. In contrast, the bladderwort Utricularia gibba has one of the smallest plant genomes, with only 82 million base pairs. What predictions can you make about the genomes of these two species?arrow_forward
- In DNA-hybridization experiments on six species of plants in the genus Vicia, DNA was isolated from each of the six species, denatured by heating, and sheared into small fragments (W. Y. Chooi. 1971. Genetics 68:213–230). In one experiment, DNA from each species and from E. coli was allowed to renature. The graph shows the results of this renaturation experiment. Q. Notice that, for the Vicia species, the rate of renaturation is much faster in the first hour and then slows down. What might cause this initial rapid renaturation and the subsequent slowdown?arrow_forwardA 2500 bp region of the human genome encodes two genes. One of the genes encodes a protein of 600 amino acids and the other gene encodes a protein of 280 amino acids. The mRNA sequences of the two genes do not contain any of the same nucleotide sequences (i.e. they do not overlap). How is this possible? Fully explain your answer.arrow_forwardEvidence [see P. G. Shiels, A. J. Kind, K. H. Campbell, et al. (1999),“Analysis of telomere lengths in cloned sheep,” Nature 399, 316–317] suggests that Dolly may have been genetically older than heractual age. As mammals age, the chromosomes in somatic cells tendto shorten from the telomeres. Therefore, older individuals haveshorter chromosomes in their somatic cells than do younger ones.When researchers analyzed the chromosomes in the somatic cells of Dolly when she was about 3 years old, the lengths of her chromosomeswere consistent with those of a sheep that was significantlyolder, say, 9–10 years old. (Note: As described in the chapter, thesheep that donated the somatic cell that produced Dolly was 6 yearsold, and her mammary cells had been grown in culture for severalcell doublings before one of the cells was fused with an oocyte.)A. Suggest an explanation why Dolly’s chromosomes seemedolder than they should have been.B. Let’s suppose that a female sheep (like Dolly), which…arrow_forward
- At the end of the short arm of human chromosome 16 (16p), several genes associated with disease are present, including thalassemia and polycystic kidney disease. When that region of chromosome 16 was sequenced, gene-coding regions were found to be very close to the telomere-associated sequences. Could there be a possible link between the location of these genes and the presence of the telomere-associated sequences? What further information concerning the disease genes would be useful in your analysis?arrow_forwardOn the basis of current knowledge, the protein-encoding regions account for only about 3% of the human genome. What is the function of the rest of the DNA?arrow_forwardA scientist investigating the genome of two related individuals observes a difference of a few nucleotides in one individual compared to the other. The nucleotide differences are in a region of noncoding DNA on chromosome 1. Would these differences be considered a mutation? Why or why not? Yes, the difference in nucleotide sequences between the individuals is a mutation because it will affect the phenotype of the two individuals. Yes, any heritable variation in the nucleotide sequence is considered a mutation, even if that variation is in a noncoding region of DNA. Not enough information was provided to determine if this nucleotide difference is a mutation because the effect on phenotype is unknown. No, the change in nucleotide sequence doesn't appear in a coding region of the DNA and so can't be a mutation.arrow_forward
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