
Concept explainers
Draw the products formed when phenol
a.
b.
c.
d.

(a)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
Phenol undergoes nitration reaction on treatment with
Figure 1
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 1.

(b)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
An aromatic compound undergoes sulphonation on reaction with
Figure 2
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 2.

(c)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
An aromatic compound undergoes Friedel-Craft alkylation on reaction with
Figure 3
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 3.

(d)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
An aromatic compound undergoes Friedel-Craft acylation on reaction with
Figure 4
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 4.

(e)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The benzene ring is activated in phenol due to the presence of strong electron donating group. In bromination, bromonium acts as electrophile and produces
Figure 5
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 5.

(f)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
Phenol undergoes mono bromination with bromine without catalyst. The corresponding chemical reaction is shown below.
Figure 6
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 6.

(g)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The benzene ring is activated in phenol due to the presence of strong electron donating group. In chlorination, chloronium acts as electrophile and produces
Figure 7
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 7.

(h)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The
Figure 8
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 8.

(i)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The carbonyl group
Figure 9
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 9.

(j)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The carbonyl group
Figure 10
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 10.

(k)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The bromine group attaches to the side chain of the aromatic compound on reaction with
Figure 11
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 11.

(l)
Interpretation: The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. The electron deficient chemical species that contains positive charge are known as electrophile. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, electrophile takes the position of hydrogen atom by attacking the electron rich carbon atom of benzene.
Answer to Problem 18.36P
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown below:
Explanation of Solution
The alkyl group oxidizes to
Figure 12
The products formed by the treatment of phenol with given reagents are shown in Figure 12.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
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