Chapter 1.8, Problem 1.16E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Thehybridization and bonding in methyl cation ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{+}}$ and methyl anion ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{-}}$ needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

To draw the Lewis structure, calculate the total number of valence electrons in each atom and draw the structure in such a way that each atom gets its octet configuration. From the Lewis structure, hybridization can be checked with the help of given formula:

  $\text{Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms}\text{.}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Theorbitals involved in ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{BH}}_{\text{2}}$ molecule needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

To draw the Lewis structure, calculate the total number of valence electrons in each atom and draw the structure in such a way that each atom gets its octet configuration. From the Lewis structure, hybridization can be checked with the help of given formula:

  $\text{Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms}\text{.}$