Chapter 1, Problem 34P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The Lewis structure of Cl atom and ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$ ion needs to be drawn and number of electrons, charge, nature of bond and geometry needs to be compared.

Concept Introduction: Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

The hybridization gives idea about the geometry of each atom. It can be checked with the below formula:

Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The Lewis structure of ${\text{PH}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{BH}}_{\text{3}}$ needs to be drawn and number of electrons, charge, nature of bond and geometry needs to be compared.

Concept Introduction: Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

The hybridization gives idea about the geometry of each atom. It can be checked with the below formula:

Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The Lewis structure of ${\text{PH}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{BH}}_{\text{3}}$ needs to be drawn and number of electrons, charge, nature of bond and geometry needs to be compared.

Interpretation: Interpret the Lewis structure of ${\text{CF}}_{\text{4}}$ and ${\text{BrF}}_{{}_4}^{-}$ molecule and compare number of electrons, charge, nature of bond and geometry.

Concept Introduction: Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

The hybridization gives idea about the geometry of each atom. It can be checked with the below formula:

Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The Lewis structure of ${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{NO}}_{{}_2}^{-}$ needs to be drawn and number of electrons, charge, nature of bond and geometry needs to be compared.

Concept Introduction: Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

The hybridization gives idea about the geometry of each atom. It can be checked with the below formula:

Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The Lewis structure of ${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}$ , ${\text{ClO}}_{\text{2}}$ and ${\text{SO}}_{{}_2}^{}$ molecule needs to be drawn and number of electrons, charge, nature of bond and geometry needs to be compared.

Concept Introduction: Lewis dot structure is also known as Lewis dot formula or electron dot structure. The bond formation between the atoms takes place due to the sharing of valence electrons of bonded atoms while the remaining electrons present in outer shell represented as lone pair of electrons.

The hybridization gives idea about the geometry of each atom. It can be checked with the below formula:

Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs on bonded atoms.