Chapter 17.5, Problem 45PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept Introduction: The group that contains carboxyl group which is attached to at least one hydrogen is said to be an aldehyde group, general representation of an aldehyde group is RCH=O or RCHO.

In order to give the name to the aldehyde group, the following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) alkane chain is identified.

2. The ending of the parent chain from alkane (-e) is changed to -al for an aldehyde group. The carbonyl group of an aldehyde appear at the end of the carbon chain so, the numbering start with carbon having aldehyde group.

3. Name should be written in alphabetical order and other substituents are shown by the number.

For number of carbons atoms chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1  meth

Carbon-2  eth

Carbon-3  prop

Carbon-4  but

Carbon-5  pent

Carbon-6  hex

Carbon-7  hept

Carbon-8  oct

Carbon-9  non

Carbon-10  dec

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept Introduction: The group that contains carboxyl group which is attached to at least one hydrogen is said to be an aldehyde group, general representation of an aldehyde group is RCH=O or RCHO. Whereas the group that contains carboxyl group which is attached to two carbon atoms is said to be a ketone group, general representation of a ketone group is RCOR’.

In order to give the name to the ketone group, the following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) alkane chain is identified.

2. The ending of the parent chain from alkane (-e) is changed to -one for a ketone group.

3. The numbering is of the chain is done in such a way that carbonyl carbon gets the smaller number.

4. Name should be written in alphabetical order and other substituents are shown by the number.

For number of carbons atoms chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1  meth

Carbon-2  eth

Carbon-3  prop

Carbon-4  but

Carbon-5  pent

Carbon-6  hex

Carbon-7  hept

Carbon-8  oct

Carbon-9  non

Carbon-10  dec

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The IUPAC name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept Introduction: The group that contains carboxyl group which is attached to at least one hydrogen is said to be an aldehyde group, general representation of an aldehyde group is RCH=O or RCHO.

In order to give the name to the aldehyde group, the following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) alkane chain is identified.

2. The ending of the parent chain from alkane (-e) is changed to -al for an aldehyde group. The carbonyl group of an aldehyde appear at the end of the carbon chain so, the numbering start with carbon having aldehyde group.

3. Name should be written in alphabetical order and other substituents are shown by the number.

For number of carbons atoms chain, the prefix is given as:

Carbon-1  meth

Carbon-2  eth

Carbon-3  prop

Carbon-4  but

Carbon-5  pent

Carbon-6  hex

Carbon-7  hept

Carbon-8  oct

Carbon-9  non

Carbon-10  dec