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Interpretation:
Volume of
Concept Introduction:
Change in oxidation number method to
1. Oxidation number of each element has to be assigned and change in oxidation number has to be identified. Then add electrons to balance charge.
2. Two half-reactions with only elements that have changed oxidation numbers have to be formed.
3. Both reactions multiplied by smallest whole number that can make electrons lost equal to electron gained.
4. Coefficient should be transferred to original equation.
5. Remaining oxygen atoms are balanced through water molecules.
6. For acidic medium, charge is balanced by addition of
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Chapter 17 Solutions
FOUND.OF COLLEGE CHEMISTRY
- One half liter (500. mL) of 2.50 M HCl is mixed with 250. mL of 3.75 M HCl. Assuming the total solution volume after mixing is 750. mL, what is the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the resulting solution? What is its pH?arrow_forwardCalculate the molarity of AgNO3 in a solution prepared by dissolving 1.44 g AgNO3 in enough water to form 1.00 L solution.arrow_forwardYou are given four different aqueous solutions and told that they each contain NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, or a mixture of these solutes. You do some experiments and gather these data about the samples. Sample A: Phenolphthalein is colorless in the solution. Sample B: The sample was titrated with HCl until the pink color of phenolphthalein disappeared, then methyl orange was added. The solution became pink. Methyl orange changes color from pH 3.01 (red) to pH 4.4 (orange). Sample C: Equal volumes of the sample were titrated with standardized acid. Using phenolphthalein as an indicator required 15.26 mL of standardized acid to change the phenolphthalein color. The other sample required 17.90 mL for a color change using methyl orange as the indicator. Sample D: Two equal volumes of the sample were titrated with standardized HCl. Using phenolphthalein as the indicator, it took 15.00 mL of acid to reach the equivalence point; using methyl orange as the indicator required 30.00 mL HCl to achieve neutralization. Identify the solute in each of the solutions.arrow_forward
- Some of the substances commonly used in stomach antacids are MgO, Mg(OH)2, and Al(OH)3. a. Write a balanced equation for the neutralization of hydrochloric acid by each of these substances. b. Which of these substances will neutralize the greatest amount of 0.10 M HCl per gram?arrow_forwardDraw the flow diagram for a calculation that illustrates how to use a titration to determine the concentration of a solution of HNO3, by reaction with 1.00 g Na2CO3.arrow_forwardThe hydrogen phthalate ion, C8HsO4, is a weak acid with Ka = 3.91 106. C8H5O4(aq)+H2O(l)C8H4O42(aq)+H3O+(aq) What is the pH of a 0.050 M solution of potassium hydrogen phthalate. KC8H5O4? Note: To find the pH for a solution of the anion, we must take into account that the ion is amphiprotic. It can be shown that, for most cases of amphiprotic ions, the H3O+ concentration is [H3O+]=Ka1Ka2 For phthalic acid, C8H6O4 is Ka1 is 1.12 103, and Ka2 is 3.91 106.arrow_forward
- Write the equation for the reaction, if any, that occurs when each of the following experiments is performed under standard conditions. (a) Crystals of iodine are added to an aqueous solution of potassium bromide. (b) Liquid bromine is added to an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. (c) A chromium wire is dipped into a solution of nickel(II) chloride.arrow_forwardConsider 1.0 L of an aqueous solution that contains 0.10 M sulfuric acid to which 0.30 mole of barium nitrate is added. Assuming no change in volume of the solution, determine the pH, the concentration of barium ions in the final solution, and the mass of solid formed.arrow_forwardA scientist has synthesized a diprotic organic acid, H2A, with a molar mass of 124.0 g/mol. The acid must be neutralized (forming the potassium salt) for an important experiment. Calculate the volume of 0.221 M KOH that is needed to neutralize 24.93 g of the acid, forming K2A.arrow_forward
- 14. Which of the following reactants would likely produce Hydrogen gas as a product? a) H2SO4 (aq) + NaOH(aq) → c) H2SO4 (aq) + Zn → b) HCl(aq) + AgNO3 (aq) → d) HCl(aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) →arrow_forward5. Hydrogen cyanide has the chemical formula HCN. The compound occurs as a colourless gas or a pale blue liquid. Its solution in water is called hydrocyanic acid. It reacts with water as per the reaction. What is the pH of a 0.30 mol/L solution of the above acid (K=6.2 x 10- 10)? HCN(aq) + HO({) ↔ CN-(aq) + HO+(aq) 2 3arrow_forwardWhen 2.24 mol KOH is added to 1.00 L of 0.50 M Al(NO3)3. After the aluminum nitrate has reacted with the potassium hydroxide aluminum ion concentration can be expressed with the scientific notation : [Al^3+]= a x 10^-32 M. What is the value of coefficient a? Report one decimal place. Kf= 3.0 x 10^33 for Al(OH)^4-arrow_forward
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