Chapter 17, Problem 39P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of the given products using maleic or fumaric acid and any other needed compounds is to be outlined.

Concept introduction:

Diels Alder reaction is a type of cycloaddition reaction that takes place between a conjugated diene derivative and a dienophile derivative, resulting in the addition of these compounds and the generation of a ring.

Dienes are compounds containing two double bonds. Conjugated ones are those in which the double bonds are in conjugation with each other. Only those dienes that have $cis$ geometry can participate in the Diels Alder reaction.

Dienophiles are compounds containing one double bond and have electron withdrawing groups, such as cyano and esters, attached to them. Stereochemistry of dienophile is retained during the Diels Alder reaction.