Chapter 17, Problem 17.34E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reaction between the monosaccharide and ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ ion is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Benedict’s reagent is an alkaline solution of ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ ions. It is used for the identification of simpler carbohydrates. The reducing sugars possess the ability to transfer hydrogen atoms or electrons to other compounds due to the presence of $\text{OH}$ group connected to their anomeric carbon atom. The Benedict’s test is used to identify the reducing sugars because they are oxidized by ${\text{Cu}}^{2+}$ solution.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reaction between the carbohydrate containing hemiacetal group and alcohol is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Acetal is an organic compound with general formula $\text{RHC}{\left(\text{OR'}\right)}_2$. The two alkoxy groups $\left(\text{OR'}\right)$ are bonded with terminal carbon atom and the $\text{R'}$ group can be same or different.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The reaction between the carbohydrate containing hemiketal group and alcohol is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Ketal is an organic compound with general formula ${\text{R}}_2\text{C}{\left(\text{OR'}\right)}_2$. The two alkoxy groups $\left(\text{OR'}\right)$ are bonded with same carbon atom in between the chain. The $\text{R'}$ and $\text{R}$ groups can be same or different.