Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change, Student Edition
Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change, Student Edition
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780076774609
Author: McGraw-Hill Education
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 16, Problem 61A
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To explain the rate law for a chemical reaction is based on experimental evidence rather than the balanced equation for the reaction.

Concept introduction:

Consider the general reaction

aA+bBProducts

Rate law of the reaction is as follows:

rate=k[A]m[B]n

Here, [A], [B] concentration of reactant A and B, k represents rate and m, n are the orders of their corresponding reactant. They are determined by experimentally and are found by examining how altering the initial concentrations affects the initial reaction rate.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 61A

The rate law for chemical reactions is based on experimental evidence rather than the balanced equation because most chemical reactions are not single-step reactions. Only single-step reactions have orders that are equal to their reaction coefficients.

Explanation of Solution

Consider the general reaction

aA+bBProductsrate=k[A]m[B]n

In order to determine the rate law of a reaction, the method of initial rate is used. This method is used for at least three trials with different amounts of the reactants A and B to determine the affect that each reactant has on the reaction rate.

In the first experiment, a common control concentration is used for each reactant to assess the initial reaction rate. In the second trial, reactant B has the same initial concentrations as the first trial, but the concentration of reactant A is doubled.

By comparing the initial rates measured by doubling the concentration of A from trials 1 to 2, the order of reactant A is determined.

This can be repeated to determine the impact of reactant B on the rate. In one trial, keep the concentration of reactants A and B constant, and in another trial hold reactant A constant but double the concentration of the B and examine the effect of doubling on initial rate. The order by which the change in the concentration of B changed the reaction rate is the order of reactant B.

The method of initial rate is used at least for three trials for the different amounts of the reactants.

Conclusion

A rate law describes the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and reactants concentration.

Chapter 16 Solutions

Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change, Student Edition

Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 11SSCCh. 16.1 - Prob. 12SSCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 13SSCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 14SSCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 15SSCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 16SSCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 17SSCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 18SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 19PPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 20PPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 21PPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 22PPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 23SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 24SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 25SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 26SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 27SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 28SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 29SSCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 30SSCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 31PPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 32PPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 33PPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 34SSCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 35SSCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 36SSCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 37SSCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 38SSCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 39SSCCh. 16 - Prob. 40ACh. 16 - Explain what is meant by the average rate of a...Ch. 16 - How would you express the rate of the chemical...Ch. 16 - What is the role of the activated complex in a...Ch. 16 - Suppose two molecules that can react collide....Ch. 16 - Prob. 45ACh. 16 - If AB is exothermic, how does the activation...Ch. 16 - In the gas-phase reaction, I2+Cl22ICl,[I2]...Ch. 16 - Prob. 48ACh. 16 - Prob. 49ACh. 16 - Prob. 50ACh. 16 - In general, what is the relationship between...Ch. 16 - Apply collision theory to explain why increasing...Ch. 16 - Prob. 53ACh. 16 - Prob. 54ACh. 16 - Apply collision theory to explain why powdered...Ch. 16 - Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to water and oxygen...Ch. 16 - Prob. 57ACh. 16 - Prob. 58ACh. 16 - Prob. 59ACh. 16 - Prob. 60ACh. 16 - Prob. 61ACh. 16 - Prob. 62ACh. 16 - Prob. 63ACh. 16 - Prob. 64ACh. 16 - Prob. 65ACh. 16 - Prob. 66ACh. 16 - Prob. 67ACh. 16 - Prob. 68ACh. 16 - Prob. 69ACh. 16 - Prob. 70ACh. 16 - Prob. 71ACh. 16 - Prob. 72ACh. 16 - Prob. 73ACh. 16 - Prob. 74ACh. 16 - Prob. 75ACh. 16 - Prob. 76ACh. 16 - Prob. 77ACh. 16 - Prob. 78ACh. 16 - Prob. 79ACh. 16 - Prob. 80ACh. 16 - Prob. 81ACh. 16 - Prob. 82ACh. 16 - Prob. 83ACh. 16 - Differentiate between the shaded areas in Figure...Ch. 16 - Apply the method of initial rates to determine the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 86ACh. 16 - Prob. 87ACh. 16 - Prob. 88ACh. 16 - Create a table of concentrations, starting with...Ch. 16 - Prob. 90ACh. 16 - Prob. 91ACh. 16 - Prob. 92ACh. 16 - Prob. 93ACh. 16 - Prob. 94ACh. 16 - Prob. 95ACh. 16 - Prob. 96ACh. 16 - Prob. 97ACh. 16 - Prob. 99ACh. 16 - Prob. 100ACh. 16 - Prob. 101ACh. 16 - Prob. 102ACh. 16 - Prob. 1STPCh. 16 - Prob. 2STPCh. 16 - Prob. 3STPCh. 16 - Prob. 4STPCh. 16 - Prob. 5STPCh. 16 - Prob. 6STPCh. 16 - Prob. 7STPCh. 16 - Prob. 8STPCh. 16 - Use the diagram below to answer Questions 8 and 9....Ch. 16 - Prob. 10STPCh. 16 - Prob. 11STPCh. 16 - Prob. 12STPCh. 16 - Prob. 13STPCh. 16 - Prob. 14STPCh. 16 - Prob. 15STPCh. 16 - Prob. 16STPCh. 16 - Prob. 17STPCh. 16 - Prob. 18STPCh. 16 - Prob. 19STP
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