Chapter 16, Problem 52E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each atom in the given polyatomic ion, the oxidation state is to be assigned.

Concept information:

The oxidation state of a substance is defined as the transfer of electrons in a chemical compound or as a charge which an atom of the element has in its ion or appears to have when present in the combined state with other atoms.

It can either be zero, positive or negative. An atom which loses electron has a positive value of oxidation state and atom which gains has a negative oxidation state.

The oxidation state of an atom in Free State is zero.

The oxidation state of a monatomic ion is equal to the charge on the ion.

Each group possess a particular oxidation state. The oxidation state of group I is $+1$, group II is $+2$, group 5A is $-3$, group 6A is $-2$ and group 7A is $-1$.

In the compounds, the overall oxidation state of a neutral atom is zero.

In complex ions, the sum of oxidation numbers of all atoms in the ions is equal to the charge on the ion.