Chapter 16, Problem 20E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:Thegiven physical properties of substances need to be explained on the basis of intermolecular forces between molecules.

Concept Introduction:

Solid state has strong intermolecular force of attraction between particles whereas the gaseous particles have weakest intermolecular forces between particles. Due to intermolecular force of attraction between particles, different interconversions are possible between these three states like evaporation, condensation, sublimation, etc. These states have different intermolecular forces between substances. The intermolecular forces exist between different molecules and are mainly 4 types:

• London dispersion force
• Hydrogen bond
• Dipole-dipole bond
• Ion-dipole bond

The order of strength of forces can be shown as:

London dispersion force < dipole-dipole force < Ion-dipole force