Chapter 16, Problem 16.81SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

$\Delta G°$ for oxidation of gaseous $S{O}_2$ has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

• Standard free energy change, $\Delta G°,$ is represented as,

$\Delta G°=\Delta H°-T\Delta S°$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta H°=\text{ standard enthalpy change}\\ \Delta \text{S}°\text{= standard entropy change}\end{array}$

• $\Delta G°$ refers to standard free energy change can also be calculated by formula,

$\Delta G°=\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(product)-\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta G_{rxn}^{°}=\text{ standard free energy change in reaction}\\ \Delta G_f^{°}(product)=\text{ standard free energy formation of product}\\ \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)=\text{ standard free energy formation of }reac\tan t\end{array}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

$\Delta G°$ for reaction of $N_2$ with $H_2$ has to be calculated and spontaneity of the reaction under standard-state conditions has to be ascertained.

Concept Introduction:

• Standard free energy change, $\Delta G°,$ is represented as,

$\Delta G°=\Delta H°-T\Delta S°$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta H°=\text{ standard enthalpy change}\\ \Delta \text{S}°\text{= standard entropy change}\end{array}$

• $\Delta G°$ refers to standard free energy change can also be calculated by formula,

$\Delta G°=\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(product)-\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta G_{rxn}^{°}=\text{ standard free energy change in reaction}\\ \Delta G_f^{°}(product)=\text{ standard free energy formation of product}\\ \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)=\text{ standard free energy formation of }reac\tan t\end{array}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

$\Delta G°$ for oxidation of methanol has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

• Standard free energy change, $\Delta G°,$ is represented as,

$\Delta G°=\Delta H°-T\Delta S°$

       Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta H°=\text{ standard enthalpy change}\\ \Delta \text{S}°\text{= standard entropy change}\end{array}$

• $\Delta G°$ refers to standard free energy change can also be calculated by formula,

$\Delta G°=\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(product)-\Sigma \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\Delta G_{rxn}^{°}=\text{ standard free energy change in reaction}\\ \Delta G_f^{°}(product)=\text{ standard free energy formation of product}\\ \Delta G_f^{°}(reac\tan t)=\text{ standard free energy formation of }reac\tan t\end{array}$