Condensed structural formula for propionyl chloride has to be drawn. Concept Introduction: General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below, The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

Question

5. A buffer consists of 0.45 M NH, and 0.25 M NH-CI (PK of NH 474) Calculate the pH of the butter. Ans: 9.52 BAS PH-9.26 +10g (10.95)) 14-4.59 PH=4.52 6. To 500 ml of the buffer on #5 a 0.20 g of sample of NaOH was added a Write the net ionic equation for the reaction which occurs b. Should the pH of the solution increase or decrease sightly? Calculate the pH of the buffer after the addition Ans: 9.54

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.145EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for propionyl chloride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for 3-methylbutanoyl chloride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for butyric anhydride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid anhydride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid anhydride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R, R₁” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid anhydride is obtained. If the acid anhydride is a symmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by replacing the acid in the parent carboxylic acid name with anhydride. If the acid anhydride is an asymmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by using the name of individual carboxylic acid in an alphabetical order followed by anhydride.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for butanoic ethanoic anhydride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid anhydride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid anhydride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R, R₁” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid anhydride is obtained. If the acid anhydride is a symmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by replacing the acid in the parent carboxylic acid name with anhydride. If the acid anhydride is an mixed one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by using the name of individual carboxylic acid in an alphabetical order followed by anhydride.

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5. A buffer consists of 0.45 M NH, and 0.25 M NH-CI (PK of NH 474) Calculate the pH of the butter. Ans: 9.52 BAS PH-9.26 +10g (10.95)) 14-4.59 PH=4.52 6. To 500 ml of the buffer on #5 a 0.20 g of sample of NaOH was added a Write the net ionic equation for the reaction which occurs b. Should the pH of the solution increase or decrease sightly? Calculate the pH of the buffer after the addition Ans: 9.54

Explain the inductive effect (+I and -I) in benzene derivatives.

The inductive effect (+I and -I) in benzene derivatives, does it guide ortho, meta or para?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.145EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for propionyl chloride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for 3-methylbutanoyl chloride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for butyric anhydride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid anhydride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid anhydride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R, R₁” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid anhydride is obtained. If the acid anhydride is a symmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by replacing the acid in the parent carboxylic acid name with anhydride. If the acid anhydride is an asymmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by using the name of individual carboxylic acid in an alphabetical order followed by anhydride.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for butanoic ethanoic anhydride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid anhydride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid anhydride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R, R₁” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid anhydride is obtained. If the acid anhydride is a symmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by replacing the acid in the parent carboxylic acid name with anhydride. If the acid anhydride is an mixed one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by using the name of individual carboxylic acid in an alphabetical order followed by anhydride.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.145EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for propionyl chloride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for 3-methylbutanoyl chloride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid chloride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid chloride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid chloride is obtained. Name of the acid chloride is obtained by replacing “-oic acid” in the parent carboxylic acid name with “-oyl chloride”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for butyric anhydride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid anhydride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid anhydride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R, R₁” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid anhydride is obtained. If the acid anhydride is a symmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by replacing the acid in the parent carboxylic acid name with anhydride. If the acid anhydride is an asymmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by using the name of individual carboxylic acid in an alphabetical order followed by anhydride.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Condensed structural formula for butanoic ethanoic anhydride has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

General structure of acid anhydride can be represented as shown below,

The structure of the acid anhydride can be derived from the IUPAC name or common name. “R, R₁” group present in the above structure is a part of the parent carboxylic acid from which the acid anhydride is obtained. If the acid anhydride is a symmetric one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by replacing the acid in the parent carboxylic acid name with anhydride. If the acid anhydride is an mixed one, then the name of acid anhydride is given by using the name of individual carboxylic acid in an alphabetical order followed by anhydride.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.145EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction