Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321897398
Author: Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, David A. Stahl, Thomas Brock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15.8, Problem 1MQ
What is the major physiological distinction between Bacillus and Clostridium species?
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Design a grafting experiment to determine if limb mesoderm determines forelimb / hindlimb identity. Include the experiment, a control, and an interpretation in your answer.
The Snapdragon is a popular garden flower that comes in a variety of colours, including red, yellow, and orange. The genotypes and associated phenotypes for some of these flowers are as follows:
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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?
The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.
An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.
A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.
Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.
The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Ch. 15.1 - What are some ways in which Wolbachia species can...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.4 - What species of Pseudomonas is a common cause of...Ch. 15.4 - What major characteristic could be used to...Ch. 15.5 - What four metabolic traits are most common in...Ch. 15.5 - Why is Wolinella physiologically unusual among the...
Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.6 - How can Streptococcus pyogenes be distinguished...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.7 - What characteristics differentiate Sarcina from...Ch. 15.8 - What is the major physiological distinction...Ch. 15.8 - What is the crystalline protein made by Bacillus...Ch. 15.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.10 - What is snapping division and what organism...Ch. 15.10 - What organism is involved in the production of...Ch. 15.11 - What is mycolic acid, and what properties does...Ch. 15.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.14 - Describe a method for isolating Cytophaga species...Ch. 15.14 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.15 - How are Chlamydia and Mycoplasma (Section 16.9)...Ch. 15.15 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.16 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.16 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.17 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.18 - What is unique about the genome of Thermotoga and...Ch. 15.19 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.20 - Describe a commercial application of Thermus...Ch. 15.20 - Describe an unusual biological feature of...Ch. 15.21 - Prob. 1MQCh. 15.21 - Prob. 2MQCh. 15.21 - Prob. 3MQCh. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - Prob. 2RQCh. 15 - Prob. 3RQCh. 15 - What is the catalase test? What catalase reaction...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5RQCh. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - Prob. 7RQCh. 15 - Prob. 8RQCh. 15 - Prob. 9RQCh. 15 - Prob. 10RQCh. 15 - REVIEW QUESTIONS
11. Describe a key feature that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12RQCh. 15 - Prob. 13RQCh. 15 - Prob. 14RQCh. 15 - Prob. 15RQCh. 15 - Prob. 16RQCh. 15 - Enteric bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and...Ch. 15 - Microorganisms can have a variety of different...
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- A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation? The cell membranes are more resistant than normal. An isotonic solution had been added instead of water. A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water. Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet. The man had sickle-cell anaemia.arrow_forwardWith reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forwardWith reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobinarrow_forward
- Which ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forwardWhich ONE of the following is FALSE regarding haemoglobin? It has two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The subunits are joined by disulphide bonds. Each subunit covalently binds a haem group. Conformational change in one subunit can be transmitted to another. There are many variant ("mutant") forms of haemoglobin that are not harmful.arrow_forwardDuring a routine medical check up of a healthy man it was found that his haematocrit value was highly unusual – value of 60%. What one of the options below is the most likely reason? He will have a diet high in iron. He is likely to be suffering from anaemia. He lives at high altitude. He has recently recovered from an accident where he lost a lot of blood. He has a very large body size.arrow_forward
- Explain what age of culture is most likely to produce an endospore?arrow_forwardExplain why hot temperatures greater than 45 degrees celsius would not initiate the sporulation process in endospores?arrow_forwardEndospore stain: Consider tube 2 of the 7-day bacillus culture. After is was heated, it was incubated for 24 hours then refrigerated. Do you think the cloudiness in this tube is due mostly to vegetative cells or to endospores? Explain your reasoningarrow_forward
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