Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 22P
The rings below are joined by a double bond that undergoes cis–trans isomerization much more readily than the bond of a typical
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Answer number 19, 20, and 21.
When piperidine undergoes the series of reactions shown here, 1,4-pentadiene is obtained as the product. When the four different methyl- substituted piperidines undergo the same series of reactions, each forms a different diene: 1,5-hexadiene; 1,4-pentadiene; 2-methyl-1,4-pentadiene; and 3-methyl-1,4-pentadiene. Which methyl-substituted piperidine forms which diene?
Alkyl halides undergo elimination reactions to produce alkenes by the reacting with strong bases as shown in the following reaction (see image).
In general, compounds where the halogen is axial (axial position) are much more reactive than those in which they are in the equatorial position. Taking the above into account:
a. Which of the following compounds would give a faster elimination reaction: cis-1-bromo-2-tert-butylcyclohexane or trans-1-bromo-2-tert-butylcyclohexane? Draw the corresponding structures and clearly explain the choice.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 14 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 14.1 Provide a name for each of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2PPCh. 14 - Prob. 3PPCh. 14 - Practice Problem 14.4 Apply the polygon-and-circle...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.5 Apply the polygon-and-circle...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.6 1,3,5-Cycloheptatriene is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7PPCh. 14 - Prob. 8PPCh. 14 - Practice Problem 14.9 In 1967 R. Breslow (of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10PP
Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.11 In addition to a signal...Ch. 14 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 14.12
Azulene has an appreciable...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.13 (a) The -Sh group is...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.14
Explain how NMR...Ch. 14 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 14.15 Four benzenoid compounds,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16PCh. 14 - Write structural formulas and give acceptable...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18PCh. 14 - Prob. 19PCh. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - Which of the hydrogen atoms shown below is more...Ch. 14 - 14.22 The rings below are joined by a double bond...Ch. 14 - Prob. 23PCh. 14 - 14.24 (a) In 1960 T. Katz (Columbia University)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 25PCh. 14 - Prob. 26PCh. 14 - 14.27 5-Chloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene (below)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 28PCh. 14 - Furan possesses less aromatic character than...Ch. 14 - 14.30 For each of the pairs below, predict...Ch. 14 - Assign structures to each of the compounds A, B,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 32PCh. 14 - Give a structure for compound F that is consistent...Ch. 14 - Prob. 34PCh. 14 - Prob. 35PCh. 14 - The IR and 1H NMR spectra for compound X(C8H10)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 37PCh. 14 - Prob. 38PCh. 14 - 14.39 Given the following information, predict the...Ch. 14 - Consider these reactions: The intermediate A is a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 41PCh. 14 - Compound E has the spectral features given below....Ch. 14 - Draw all of the molecular orbitals for...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1LGPCh. 14 - Prob. 2LGPCh. 14 - 3. The NMR signals for the aromatic hydrogens of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4LGPCh. 14 - Prob. 5LGP
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- The addition of water to aldehydes and ketones occurs rapidly, although it is not thermodynamically favored. What would be the product for the reaction above? Hint: Think of the self-ionization of water and the polarity of the carbonyl group.arrow_forwardAlkynes do not react directly with aqueous acid as do alkenes, but will do so in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate as a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction occurs with Markovnikov regiochemistry, so the OH group adds to the more highly substituted carbon and the H adds to the less highly substituted carbon. The initial product of the reaction is a vinyl alcohol, also called an enol. The enol immediately rearranges to a more stable ketone via tautomerization. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions -X티 Hö: H-O -CH3 -CH3 H30*arrow_forwardAcrolein and 1,3-cyclohexadiene react in a one-step concerted manner to yield a single product. Give the structure of the product. What kind of reaction is this an example of? In terms of this reaction, how would you classify acrolein? How would you classify 1,3-cyclohexadiene? Hint: acrolein is not a systematic name so you may need to look up its structure if you are not already familiar with it.arrow_forward
- Compound W, C6H13Cl, undergoes base-promoted E2 elimination to give a single C6H₁2 alkene, Y. Compound X, C6H13Br, undergoes a similar reaction to form Y and an isomeric alkene Z. W is chiral; X is not. Catalytic hydrogenation of Y and Z produces 2-methylpentane. Propose structures for W and X. 0 • Do not use stereobonds in your answer. • In cases where there is more than one possible structure for each molecule, just give one for each. Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. Separate structures with + signs from the drop-down menu. -8) ChemDoodleⓇ Sn [Farrow_forwardpiperidine undergoes the series of reactions shown here, 1,4-pentadiene is obtained as the product. When the four different methyl-substitutedpiperidines undergo the same series of reactions, each forms a different diene: 1,5-hexadiene; 1,4-pentadiene; 2-methyl-1,4-pentadiene; and3-methyl-1,4-pentadiene. Which methyl-substituted piperidine forms which diene?arrow_forwardA hydrocarbon (X), with the molecular formula: C8H14 is reduced in presence of sodium and liquid ammonia to give the only product (Y) with the molecular formula: C8H16. Compounds X and Y both resulting 2,5-dimethylhexane when treated with hydrogen and platinum catalyst (H2/Pt). As a result of the oxidative cleavage of compound Y (by using KMnO4 / H2SO4), a single carboxylic acid derivative with C4H8O2 molecular formula is formed. Again, as a result of the reaction of Y with perbenzoic acid, the chiral compound C8H14O is observed, but the reaction of compound Y with bromine gives the achiral C8H14Br2 as the product.arrow_forward
- Gg.108.arrow_forwardSynthesize from benzene. (Hint: All of these require diazonium ions.) ) 3-n-propylphenolarrow_forwardWhen we have discussed the enol-keto tautomerization of ketones in class, the isomerization has been facililated by an acid or base catalyst, with most ketones heavily favoring the carbonyl isomer at equilibrium. However, samples of the ketone below in its pure form (with no acid, base or water present) contain nearly 10% of the enol form! OH -90% -10% From this data, we can infer that the enol isomer of this ketone is particularly stable. Explain the stability of this enol, using terms and ideas that we have discussed in this unit.arrow_forward
- Suggest a reason why wittig reactions usually give mixtures of cis and trans isomers. which of the cis or trans isomer is the. major product? explain.arrow_forwardPlease draw out the structures of compound A, B, C, D and E. The formula of Compound A is C5H6. Compound A react with 2 equivalent of Br2 to produce product B; Compound A was oxidized with KMN04 to give two carboxylic acids C and D. Compound A can undergo Diels-Alder reaction with maleic anhydride to produce compound E.arrow_forward[Review Topics] [References] An alkene having the molecular formula C11H20 is treated sequentially with ozone (03) and zinc/acetic acid to give the product/s shown. CH;CCH,CH,CCH2CCH,CH3 ČH3 Draw a structural formula for the alkene. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. P. Ado C. aste Previous Next ChemDoodle Email Instructor Save and Exitarrow_forward
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