Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 14, Problem 43P
Draw all of the
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Suppose that a molecular orbital has the (unnormalized) form 0.727A + 0.144B. Find a linear combination of the orbitals A and B that is orthogonal to this combination and determine the normalization constants of both combinations using S = 0.117. Show full and complete procedure, indicating where and how you are using the value of S
Show how to construct the molecular orbitals of ethylene, butadiene, and the allylicsystem. Show the electronic configurations of ethylene, butadiene, and the allylcation, radical, and anion.
The following molecular orbital diagram belongs to a molecule of the type XH2 (where X is an unidentified 2nd row element).
Do you think the molecule is bent or linear? Explain your reasoning.
Make approximate sketches of the bonding and non-bonding molecular orbitals.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 14 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 14.1 Provide a name for each of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2PPCh. 14 - Prob. 3PPCh. 14 - Practice Problem 14.4 Apply the polygon-and-circle...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.5 Apply the polygon-and-circle...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.6 1,3,5-Cycloheptatriene is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7PPCh. 14 - Prob. 8PPCh. 14 - Practice Problem 14.9 In 1967 R. Breslow (of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10PP
Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.11 In addition to a signal...Ch. 14 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 14.12
Azulene has an appreciable...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.13 (a) The -Sh group is...Ch. 14 - Practice Problem 14.14
Explain how NMR...Ch. 14 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 14.15 Four benzenoid compounds,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16PCh. 14 - Write structural formulas and give acceptable...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18PCh. 14 - Prob. 19PCh. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - Which of the hydrogen atoms shown below is more...Ch. 14 - 14.22 The rings below are joined by a double bond...Ch. 14 - Prob. 23PCh. 14 - 14.24 (a) In 1960 T. Katz (Columbia University)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 25PCh. 14 - Prob. 26PCh. 14 - 14.27 5-Chloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene (below)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 28PCh. 14 - Furan possesses less aromatic character than...Ch. 14 - 14.30 For each of the pairs below, predict...Ch. 14 - Assign structures to each of the compounds A, B,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 32PCh. 14 - Give a structure for compound F that is consistent...Ch. 14 - Prob. 34PCh. 14 - Prob. 35PCh. 14 - The IR and 1H NMR spectra for compound X(C8H10)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 37PCh. 14 - Prob. 38PCh. 14 - 14.39 Given the following information, predict the...Ch. 14 - Consider these reactions: The intermediate A is a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 41PCh. 14 - Compound E has the spectral features given below....Ch. 14 - Draw all of the molecular orbitals for...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1LGPCh. 14 - Prob. 2LGPCh. 14 - 3. The NMR signals for the aromatic hydrogens of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4LGPCh. 14 - Prob. 5LGP
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- Three of the four molecular orbitals for cyclobutadiene are pictured here. Place them in order of increasing energy. (See Figures 9.13, 9.15, 9.16, and 9.18 and the relation of orbital energy and nodes.)arrow_forwardConsidering only the molecular orbitals formed by combinations of the 2s atomic orbitals, how many molecular orbitals can be formed by 1000 Li atoms? In the lowest energy state, how many of these orbitals will be populated by pairs of electrons and how many will be empty?arrow_forwardHow many p2p molecular orbitals are there in anthracene? Answer with ONLY an integer.arrow_forward
- Show the secular determinant with x substitution for the compound. Calculate its Huckel Molecular orbital levels, wave function, as well as the electron density and bond orders of all carbons.arrow_forwardCalculate the Hückel molecular orbital energies of the planar radical (i.e., one nonpaired electron) CH2CHCH2•.Derivethe molecular wavefunction and sketch the molecular orbitals for the lowest energy state. Hint:LCAO-MO principle, use p"(i=1-3) as atomic orbitals.What is the first/minimal electronic excitation energy? Hint:HOMO to LUMO transition.arrow_forwardDraw the π-molecular orbitals for benzene, indicate the nodal planes and designate the proper energy corresponding to these orbitals.arrow_forward
- For monocyclic conjugated polyenes (such as cyclobutadiene and benzene) with each of N carbon atoms contributing an electron in a 2p orbital, Huckel theory gives the fol lowing expression for the energies Ek of the resulting π molecular orbitals Calculate the energies of the 1t molecular orbitals of benzene and cyclooctatetraene. Comment on the presenceor absence of degenerate energy levels. (b) Ca lcu late and compare the delocalization energies of benzene and hexatriene using the expression from the preceding problem. What do you conclude from your results? (c) Calculate and compare the delocalization energies of cyclooctatetraeneand (linear) octatetraene. Are your conclusions for th is pair of molecules the same as for the pair of molecules investigated in part (b)?arrow_forwardI was told to count how many Sp3, Sp2 and Sp atoms there were in this molecule. I counted 9 Sp3, 10 Sp2 and 1 Sp, but the answer key had 7Sp3, 10Sp2 and 1 Sp. I was wondering what I did wrong and why? If you could explain in as much detail as you can and if you could illustrate where the the orbitals are.arrow_forwardProvide a diagram which depicts the relative energies of the pi molecular orbitals of benzene. Show which molecular orbitals are filled in benzene's ground state.arrow_forward
- Deduce the parities of the six π-orbitals of benzene.arrow_forwardHow do you write the Huckel determinant for the pi electrons of butadiene? How would you find the energies of the molecular orbitals?arrow_forwarduse vsepr rules to determine the shapes of each of the following species. then establish their rotation axes and mirror planes and hence identify the point group to which they belong. hint: constructing a molecular model will help (a) phosphine, ph3; (b) the carbonate ion, co3^2-; (c) the sulfate ion, so4^2-; (d) the hexafluorophosphate ion, pf 6-arrow_forward
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