
Concept explainers
What is meant by the presence of a common ion? How does the presence of a common ion affect an equilibrium such as
HNO2(aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + NO2-(aq)
What is an acid–base solution called that contains a common ion?
(a)

Interpretation:
The presence of a common ion is to be explained. The affect of the presence of a common ion on equilibrium of the given reaction is to be stated. The term used for an acid-base solution that contains a common ion is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The presence of a common ion brings about a shift in the equilibrium position.
To determine: An explanation regarding the presence of a common ion.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
The presence of a common ion shifts the equilibrium position.
Explanation of Solution
The shift in the equilibrium state that happens due to the addition of an ion that is already present in the equilibrium reaction is stated as the presence of a common ion.
(b)

Interpretation:
The presence of a common ion is to be explained. The affect of the presence of a common ion on equilibrium of the given reaction is to be stated. The term used for an acid-base solution that contains a common ion is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The presence of a common ion brings about a shift in the equilibrium position.
To determine: The affect of the presence of a common ion on equilibrium of the given reaction
Answer to Problem 1RQ
The presence of a common ion shifts the equilibrium of the given reaction towards left.
Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is,
The presence of a common ion in the given reaction will reduce the solubility of the given acid shifting the equilibrium towards the left. The dissociation of the given acid will be suppressed.
(c)

Interpretation:
The presence of a common ion is to be explained. The affect of the presence of a common ion on equilibrium of the given reaction is to be stated. The term used for an acid-base solution that contains a common ion is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The presence of a common ion brings about a shift in the equilibrium position.
To determine: The term used for an acid-base solution that contains a common ion.
Answer to Problem 1RQ
An acid-base solution that contains a common ion is a buffer solution.
Explanation of Solution
An acid-base solution that contains a common ion is a buffer solution.
A buffer solution is also defined as a solution that resists a change in the
A solution that resists a change in the
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
- Determine if the following salt is neutral, acidic or basic. If acidic or basic, write the appropriate equilibrium equation for the acid or base that exists when the salt is dissolved in aqueous solution. If neutral, simply write only NR. Be sure to include the proper phases for all species within the reaction LiNO3arrow_forwardAn unknown weak acid with a concentration of 0.410 M has a pH of 5.600. What is the Ka of the weak acid?arrow_forward(racemic) 19.84 Using your reaction roadmaps as a guide, show how to convert 2-oxepanone and ethanol into 1-cyclopentenecarbaldehyde. You must use 2-oxepanone as the source of all carbon atoms in the target molecule. Show all reagents and all molecules synthesized along the way. & + EtOH H 2-Oxepanone 1-Cyclopentenecarbaldehydearrow_forward
- R₂ R₁ R₁ a R Rg Nu R₂ Rg R₁ R R₁₂ R3 R R Nu enolate forming R₁ R B-Alkylated carbonyl species or amines Cyclic B-Ketoester R₁₁ HOB R R₁B R R₁₂ B-Hydroxy carbonyl R diester R2 R3 R₁ RB OR R₂ 0 aB-Unsaturated carbonyl NaOR Aldol HOR reaction 1) LDA 2) R-X 3) H₂O/H₂O ketone, aldehyde 1) 2°-amine 2) acid chloride 3) H₂O'/H₂O 0 O R₁ R₁ R R₁ R₁₂ Alkylated a-carbon R₁ H.C R₁ H.C Alkylated methyl ketone acetoacetic ester B-Ketoester ester R₁ HO R₂ R B-Dicarbonyl HO Alkylated carboxylic acid malonic ester Write the reagents required to bring about each reaction next to the arrows shown. Next, record any regiochemistry or stereochemistry considerations relevant to the reaction. You should also record any key aspects of the mechanism, such as forma- tion of an important intermediate, as a helpful reminder. You may want to keep track of all reactions that make carbon-carbon bonds, because these help you build large molecules from smaller fragments. This especially applies to the reactions in…arrow_forwardProvide the reasonable steps to achieve the following synthesis.arrow_forwardIdentify which compound is more acidic. Justify your choice.arrow_forward
- Provide the reasonable steps to achieve the following synthesis.arrow_forwardWhen anisole is treated with excess bromine, the reaction gives a product which shows two singlets in 1H NMR. Draw the product.arrow_forward(ii) Draw a reasonable mechanism for the following reaction: CI NaOH heat OH (hint: SNAr Reaction) :arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning





