Chapter 14, Problem 14.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reaction in which $\text{1-hexyne}$ reacts with Grignard reagent which is followed by deuterated water is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Grignard reagents are organometallic compounds which are prepared using alkyl halides in the presence of magnesium metal in dry ether. These reagents act as strong nucleophiles and bases.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given reaction in which $\text{1-hexyne}$ reacts with $\text{Bu-Li}$ followed by treatment with trimethyl silyl chloride is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Butyl lithium is an organometallic reagent. It is a strong base due to which it easily abstracts the acidic hydrogen. Depending upon the reactant, butyl-lithium can also act as a reducing agent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given reaction in which $\text{1-nonyne}$ reacts with ${\text{NaNH}}_2$ followed by treatment with diethyl sulfate is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Sodium amide is an inorganic compound. It acts as an excellent base as well as a nucleophile. Sodium amide is used in elimination reactions to an abstract acidic proton. The formula used to represent sodium amide is ${\text{NaNH}}_2$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The reaction between lithium acetylide and $\text{1-chloro-5-fluoropentane}$ is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophiles are electron-rich species. The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which nucleophile attacks the electrophilic center and eliminates another group.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The given reaction in which styrene reacts with ${\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$ followed by treatment with ${\text{Na-NH}}_2$ is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

The reaction between alkene and ${\text{Br}}_{\text{2}}$ forms vicinal dibromides. It is an electrophilic addition reaction in which the addition of an electrophilic reagent takes place on a nucleophilic group. The double bond and triple bond containing compounds act as a nucleophile. The addition of electrophilic reagent on nucleophilic compound leads to the dissociation of electrons and the formation of two bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The reaction between diphenyl acetylene and chloroform is to be completed.

Concept introduction:

The alkynes are the unsaturated hydrocarbon containing triple bond between two carbon atoms. The general formula of alkynes is ${\text{C}}_{\text{n}}{\text{H}}_{\text{2n-2}}$. The name of the alkyne compounds ends with the suffix $\text{-yne}$.