Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals And Applications
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073380322
Author: Yunus Cengel, John Cimbala
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 13, Problem 4CP
To determine
Cause of variation in open channel flow and differentiate between rapid flow and gradually varied flow.
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What is the driving force for flow in an open channel? How is the flow rate in an open channel established?
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals And Applications
Ch. 13 - What is normal depth? Explain how it is...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2CPCh. 13 - Prob. 3CPCh. 13 - Prob. 4CPCh. 13 - What is the driving force for flow in an open...Ch. 13 - How does uniform flow differ from nonuniform flow...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7CPCh. 13 - Prob. 8CPCh. 13 - Prob. 9CPCh. 13 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 13 - Prob. 11PCh. 13 - Prob. 12PCh. 13 - Prob. 13PCh. 13 - Prob. 14PCh. 13 - Prob. 15EPCh. 13 - Prob. 16PCh. 13 - Water at 10°C flows in a 3-rn-diameter circular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18PCh. 13 - Water at 20°C flows in a partially full...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20CPCh. 13 - Prob. 21CPCh. 13 - Prob. 22CPCh. 13 - Prob. 23CPCh. 13 - Prob. 24CPCh. 13 - Prob. 25CPCh. 13 - Prob. 26CPCh. 13 - Consider steady supercritical flow of water...Ch. 13 - During steady and uniform flow through an open...Ch. 13 - How is the friction slope defined? Under what...Ch. 13 - Prob. 30PCh. 13 - Prob. 31PCh. 13 - Prob. 32EPCh. 13 - Prob. 33EPCh. 13 - Prob. 34PCh. 13 - Prob. 35PCh. 13 - Prob. 36PCh. 13 - Prob. 37PCh. 13 - Prob. 38PCh. 13 - Prob. 39PCh. 13 - Prob. 40CPCh. 13 - Prob. 41CPCh. 13 - Which is the best hydraulic cross section for an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 43CPCh. 13 - Prob. 44CPCh. 13 - Prob. 45CPCh. 13 - Prob. 46CPCh. 13 - Prob. 47PCh. 13 - Water flows uniformly half-full in a 2-m-diameter...Ch. 13 - Prob. 49PCh. 13 - A 3-ft-diameter semicircular channel made of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 51PCh. 13 - Prob. 52PCh. 13 - Prob. 53PCh. 13 - Prob. 54PCh. 13 - Prob. 55PCh. 13 - Prob. 56PCh. 13 - Water is to be transported n a cast iron...Ch. 13 - Prob. 58PCh. 13 - Prob. 59PCh. 13 - Prob. 60PCh. 13 - Prob. 61PCh. 13 - Prob. 62PCh. 13 - Prob. 64EPCh. 13 - Prob. 65EPCh. 13 - Prob. 66PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-60 for a weedy excavated earth...Ch. 13 - How does gradually varied flow (GVF) differ from...Ch. 13 - How does nonuniform or varied flow differ from...Ch. 13 - Prob. 70CPCh. 13 - Consider steady flow of water; an upward-sloped...Ch. 13 - Is it possible for subcritical flow to undergo a...Ch. 13 - Why is the hydraulic jump sometimes used to...Ch. 13 - Consider steady flow of water in a horizontal...Ch. 13 - Consider steady flow of water in a downward-sloped...Ch. 13 - Prob. 76CPCh. 13 - Prob. 77CPCh. 13 - Water is flowing in a 90° V-shaped cast iron...Ch. 13 - Prob. 79PCh. 13 - Consider the flow of water through a l2-ft-wde...Ch. 13 - Prob. 81PCh. 13 - Water discharging into a 9-m-wide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 83PCh. 13 - Prob. 84PCh. 13 - Prob. 85EPCh. 13 - Water flowing in a wide horizontal channel at a...Ch. 13 - During a hydraulic jump in a W'ide chanrel. the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 93CPCh. 13 - Prob. 96CPCh. 13 - Prob. 97CPCh. 13 - Prob. 98CPCh. 13 - Prob. 99PCh. 13 - Prob. 100PCh. 13 - Prob. 101CPCh. 13 - Consider uniform water flow in a wide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Consider the uniform flow of water in a wide...Ch. 13 - Prob. 105PCh. 13 - Prob. 106EPCh. 13 - Prob. 107PCh. 13 - Prob. 108PCh. 13 - Water flows over a 2-m-high sharp-crested...Ch. 13 - Prob. 110EPCh. 13 - Prob. 111EPCh. 13 - Prob. 112PCh. 13 - Prob. 114PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-111 for an upstream flow depth of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 116PCh. 13 - Prob. 117PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-114 for an upstream flow depth of...Ch. 13 - Consider uniform water flow in a wide channel made...Ch. 13 - Prob. 120PCh. 13 - Prob. 121PCh. 13 - Water flows in a canal at an average velocity of 4...Ch. 13 - Prob. 123PCh. 13 - A trapczoda1 channel with brick lining has a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 127PCh. 13 - A rectangular channel with a bottom width of 7 m...Ch. 13 - Prob. 129PCh. 13 - Prob. 131PCh. 13 - Prob. 132PCh. 13 - Consider o identical channels, one rectangular of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 134PCh. 13 - The flow rate of water in a 6-m-ide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 136EPCh. 13 - Prob. 137EPCh. 13 - Consider two identical 15-ft-wide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 140PCh. 13 - Prob. 141PCh. 13 - A sluice gate with free outflow is used to control...Ch. 13 - Prob. 143PCh. 13 - Prob. 144PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-142 for a velocity of 3.2 ms after...Ch. 13 - Water is discharged from a 5-rn-deep lake into a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 147PCh. 13 - Prob. 148PCh. 13 - Prob. 149PCh. 13 - Prob. 150PCh. 13 - Prob. 151PCh. 13 - Prob. 152PCh. 13 - Prob. 153PCh. 13 - Water f1ows in a rectangular open channel of width...Ch. 13 - Prob. 155PCh. 13 - Prob. 156PCh. 13 - Prob. 157PCh. 13 - Prob. 158PCh. 13 - Prob. 159PCh. 13 - Prob. 160PCh. 13 - Prob. 161PCh. 13 - Prob. 162PCh. 13 - Prob. 163PCh. 13 - Prob. 164PCh. 13 - Prob. 165PCh. 13 - Prob. 166PCh. 13 - Consider water flow in the range of 10 to 15 m3/s...
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- When is the flow in an open channel said to be uniform? Under what conditions will the flow in an open channel remain uniform?arrow_forwardSteady flow in an open channel exists when the (a) channel is prismatic (b) depth does not change with time (c) channel is frictionless (d) channel bed is not curved.arrow_forwardWhich is the best hydraulic cross section for an open channel: (a) circular, (b) rectangular, (c) trapezoidal, or (d) triangular?arrow_forward
- Do 3,4arrow_forwardConsider steady flow of water in a horizontal channel of rectangular cross section. If the flow is supercritical, the flow depth will (a) increase, (b) remain constant, or (c) decrease in the flow direction.arrow_forwardIf the flow depth remains constant in an open-channel flow, the flow is called(a) Uniform flow (b) Steady flow (c) Varied flow (d) Unsteady flow (e) Laminar flowarrow_forward
- How is the specific energy of a fluid flowing in an open channel defined in terms of heads?arrow_forwardA trapezoidal channel with a bottom width of 6 m, free surface width of 12 m, and flow depth of 1.6 m discharges water at a rate of 80 m3/s. If the surfaces of the channel are lined with asphalt (n = 0.016), determine the elevation drop of the channel per kilometer.arrow_forwardConsider a double-rectangular flow channel composed of an outer rectangular channel and an inner rectangular channel. The width and height (or gap) of the inner rectangular channel are 60 and 20 mm, respectively, whereas the width and height of the outer rectangular channel are 100 and 40 mm, respectively. Oil and water, respectively, flow through the inner and outer rectangular channels, and the oil and water flow direction is the same. The flow rates of the oil and water are 0.2 and 0.3 kg/s, respectively. The important information for the thermal analysis is given below. The wall thermal resistance is 0.01 (m²-K)/W. If the flow is turbulent, the Dittus-Boelter correlation should be used for estimating the heat transfer coefficient. If the flow is laminar, the Nusselt numbers for water and oil are given as 4.01 and 5.63, respectively. The oil and water enter at temperatures of 100 and 30 °C, respectively. Oil: Specific heat capacity=2131 J/(kg K), Viscosity-3.25×102 N-s/m², Thermal…arrow_forward
- Consider a double-rectangular flow channel composed of an outer rectangular channel and an inner rectangular channel. The width and height (or gap) of the inner rectangular channel are 60 and 20 mm, respectively, whereas the width and height of the outer rectangular channel are 100 and 40 mm, respectively. Oil and water, respectively, flow through the inner and outer rectangular channels, and the oil and water flow direction is the same. The flow rates of the oil and water are 0.2 and 0.3 kg/s, respectively. The important information for the thermal analysis is given below. The wall thermal resistance is 0.01 (m¹-K)/W. If the flow is turbulent, the Dittus-Boelter correlation should be used for estimating the heat transfer coefficient. If the flow is laminar, the Nusselt numbers for water and oil are given as 4.01 and 5.63, respectively. The oil and water enter at temperatures of 100 and 30 °C, respectively. Oil: Specific heat capacity=2131 J/(kg K), Viscosity-3.25x10 N-s/m², Thermal…arrow_forwardConsider a double-rectangular flow channel composed of an outer rectangular channel and an inner rectangular channel. The width and height (or gap) of the inner rectangular channel are 60 and 20 mm, respectively, whereas the width and height of the outer rectangular channel are 100 and 40 mm, respectively. Oil and water, respectively, flow through the inner and outer rectangular channels, and the oil and water flow direction is the same. The flow rates of the oil and water are 0.2 and 0.3 kg/s, respectively. The important information for the thermal analysis is given below. The wall thermal resistance is 0.01 (m²-K)/W. If the flow is turbulent, the Dittus-Boelter correlation should be used for estimating the heat transfer coefficient. If the flow is laminar, the Nusselt numbers for water and oil are given as 4.01 and 5.63, respectively. The oil and water enter at temperatures of 100 and 30 °C, respectively. Oil: Specific heat capacity=2131 J/(kg K), Viscosity-3.25×10 N-s/m², Thermal…arrow_forwardHow does the pressure change along the free surface in an open-channel flow?arrow_forward
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