Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 2CS
Improving the nutritional value of food has long been one of the goals in agricultural genetics. Crossing different strains of plants and animals followed by generations of artificial selection have yielded some successes, including the development of high-protein maize. The use of gene transfer
Scientists are now turning their attention to using gene transfer technology to nutritionally enhance animal foods. Recently, biotechnology was used to produce a sheep with increased amounts of an omega-3 essential fatty acid that plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and, in adults, reduces the risk of coronary artery disease. Once a small number of transgenic animals have been produced, they can be bred by conventional methods to establish a source of nutritionally enhanced meat and milk.
The use of biotechnology is presenting consumers with many new choices, which will become more common in the future. Increasingly, we will all have to educate ourselves about the pros and cons of such decisions.
On the other hand, how would you explain your preference for meat from animals without higher levels of beneficial fatty acids?
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Genetic engineering utilized to create food sources has been said to be both like and unlike traditional breeding. One way it is different is:
It mixes genes from different individuals of the same or similar species
It involves whole organisms living in the field
It selects from combinations of genes that come together on their own
It mixes genes of different organisms such as viruses and crops, or spiders and goats
this is an example of biotechnology: In order to increase the yield of oil from canola, research focused on ways to reduce competition from competitor weed plants. Weeds can be controlled by spraying with a herbicide that interferes with biological processes, like amino acid anabolic reactions, in the plant cells. A mutant of canola that is resistant to herbicides is sometimes grown in fields that are sprayed with the herbicide. The majority of canola in Canada, though, is genetically modified to be resistant to herbicides. also use the link: https://youtu.be/VS3kcwgIwm0
Question:
Evaluating Biotechnologies in Food Systems
As we practice being able to describe choices in Biology you will use this consolidation task to organize details about the advantages and disadvantages of biotechnologies. In an ideal world, all solutions to improving our food system would have no negative consequences. But issues in Biology involve the interaction of many different factors and changes in one…
AquAdvantage salmon is a genetically modified (GM) Atlantic salmon developed by
AquaBounty Technologies. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the
company's application to allow the entry of this GM salmon into the United States food supply
late last year. The FDA announced that: "AquAdvantage salmon is as safe to eat as any non-
genetically engineered (GE) Atlantic salmon, and also as nutritious."
However, opponents of genetically modified food are claiming that the AquAdvantage salmons
could pose a serious environmental risk to the marine ecosystem if the engineered fishes escape
from the farms. These transgenic salmons would be a big threat to the wild salmons. Justify this
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13.5 - Do you think the way this issue was handled should...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 2EGCh. 13.7 - If you were offered the chance to have the genome...Ch. 13.7 - Prob. 2EGCh. 13 - Improving the nutritional value of food has long...Ch. 13 - Improving the nutritional value of food has long...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CSCh. 13 - What Are Clones? Cloning is a general term used...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2QPCh. 13 - Prob. 3QP
Ch. 13 - Prob. 4QPCh. 13 - Prob. 5QPCh. 13 - Prob. 6QPCh. 13 - Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process The following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8QPCh. 13 - Prob. 9QPCh. 13 - Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process Which enzyme...Ch. 13 - Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process In cloning...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13QPCh. 13 - Prob. 14QPCh. 13 - Prob. 15QPCh. 13 - Cloned Libraries You are running a PCR to generate...Ch. 13 - Prob. 17QPCh. 13 - Prob. 18QPCh. 13 - Prob. 19QPCh. 13 - Analyzing Cloned Sequences A base change (A to T)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 21QPCh. 13 - Analyzing Cloned Sequences What kind of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 23QP
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- Genetic engineering has been a debatable topic in science as many people are only aware of its risk than benefits. Which among the scenarios below are the benefits of using GMOs? I. Genetic engineering in food can be used to alter genes in crops leading to new diseases in pants. II. Genetic engineering in crops such as rice, corn and tomato can be used to obtain new strains with better nutritional qualities. III. Genetic engineering in food can be used to create totally the same substances such as proteins and other food nutrients. IV. Genetic engineering can be used to increase the immunity to diseases in plants leading to uncontrolled transfer of the resistance genes to the harmful pathogens. V. Genetic engineering can restrict the diversity in organisms. VI. Genetic engineering can be used to suppress negative traits in human like certain genetic diseases. a. II, III, IV and VI b. II, III and VI c. I, II, IV and V d. I, III,…arrow_forwardBefore, plant breeding was done by crossing the genes of two plants with desirable characteristics. This technique has been successful in producing improved varieties of crop plants, but it is time consuming and complicated. Because of genetic engineering, these problems can now be avoided. Plants are inserted with "super" genes to exhibit improved or better traits compared to their ordinary counterparts. These plants are therefore called transgenic plants. Plant Improved Quality or Characteristic 1. Rice Resistant to pests, drought, and insecticides 2. Grape 3. Рарaya 4. Corn 5. Orchid 6. Mangoarrow_forwardTo create genetically modified organisms (often called GMOS) scientists directly manipulate the genes of an organism, often by inserting or deleting one or more genes. The inserted gene is usually from another species. The purpose of this manipulation is to give the target organism and its offspring a new trait that improves it in some way. The improvement might, for example, give the organism higher vitamin content. The process is called genetic engineering. 1. What are genetically modified organisms? 2. What is Genetic engineering?arrow_forward
- The genetic modification of plants for food is a hot-button issue around the world. Genes transplanted to corn, potato, soybean, and other food strains can confer desired traits, such as resistance to pests, which lessens the need for toxic pesticides. Though genetically modified foods are thought to be safe to eat, their impact on the environment may not be fully known. Do you worry about the long-term effects of genetically modified foods on your health, or the health of the environment? Do the positive impacts outweigh the negatives?arrow_forward(11) Genetic engineering utilized to create food sources has been said to be both like and unlike traditional breeding. One way it is different is: (a) It mixes genes from different individuals of the same or similar species (b) It involves whole organisms living in the field (c) It selects from combinations of genes that come together on their own (d) It mixes genes of different organisms such as viruses and crops, or spiders and goatsarrow_forwardGenetic engineering of plants provides an opportunity to alter their properties or performance in order to improve upon their utility. Such technology may be used to modify the expression of genes already present in the plants, or to introduce new genes of other species with which the plant cannot be bred conventionally. In fact, humans have engaged in genetic manipulation for millennia, producing plant and animal varieties through selective breeding and hybridization that significantly modify genomes of organisms. How has this technology created novel genetic information by specific alteration of cloned genes? (provide an example). Why do you think modern genetic engineering, has met with so much opposition? Should some forms of genetic engineering be of greater concern than others? Explain. In your response provide a specific example from literature to describe the implications of this technology (good or bad).arrow_forward
- Genetic engineering has been used in many different ways, such as human growth hormone for the treatment of pituitary dwarfism (recombinant DNA) plants engineered to be resistant to herbicides and pests an “antifreeze” gene inserted into some Atlantic salmon and halibut pick one of the examples of genetic engineering listed above to expand on. Provide a description of the technology in terms of how it works and what steps are takenarrow_forwardHumans have engaged in genetic manipulation for millennia, producing plant and animal varieties through selective breeding and hybridization that significantly modify genomes of organisms. Why do you think modern genetic engineering, which often entails introducing or modifying only one or a few genes, has met with so much opposition? Should some forms of genetic engineering be of greater concern than others? Explain.arrow_forwardFill in the blanksarrow_forward
- How is a transgenic organism engineered? How is genetic engineering different from traditional agricultural breeding? How is it similar?arrow_forwardthis is for genetics analyze the biotechnology bioethics cases presented; provide resolutions to the issues presented in the case; discuss the ethics theories and principles that could be used in resolving the issues. Many conservative groups have raised their concerns on genetically modified crops and livestock and their bad effects to human health and ecology. A classic argument that they raise is that the variety of crops becomes limited because farmers prefer GMOs that results to higher yield and better-quality crops. If you were in the position of farmer who was presented with the option of growing GMO crops, would you grab this opportunity? Discuss the ethics principle to which your decision is anchored on.arrow_forwardI believe that there are many good things that can come out of people getting to design their baby’s genetic material. But there are also many bad things as well. From the article by Bio medical about the pros and cons of having a designer baby it states that a pro is that this type of engineering can “ might help prevent genetic diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s Disease, down syndrome, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, and many others”. I think that it is great that we could get rid of Alzheimer’s due to how destructive it can be to the people that suffer it. But I think the other diseases that it can eliminate is horrible due to them making our world a more unique place such as people with autism, Down syndrome. By doing this it could eliminate the whole population of people with disabilities community and make everyone “normal”. Another bad that I found in the article Ethics of designer babies which states that a major flaw for these babies is “designer baby technologies suggest…arrow_forward
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