Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule. Concept Introduction: Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction. In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below, Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction. Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds. Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds. Markovnikov’s rule: When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

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Answer 2

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Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

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Answer 3

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Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

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Answer 4

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Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

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Answer 5

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Answer 6

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Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 8

Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 9

Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 10

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 11

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 12

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 13

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 14

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 15

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Answer 19

Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3QQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products based on Markovnikov's rule.

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