(a) Interpretation: The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1 ° and 2 ° carbons should be drawn. Concept Introduction: Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond. Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula C n H 2 n + 2 . In organic chemistry , carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons. Primary carbon ( 1 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain. Secondary carbon ( 2 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms. Tertiary carbon ( 3 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms. Quaternary carbon ( 4 ° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms. Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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For the decomposition reaction of N2O5(g): 2 N2O5(g) → 4 NO2(g) + O2(g), the following mechanism has been proposed: N2O5 NO2 + NO3 (K1) | NO2 + NO3 → N2O5 (k-1) | NO2 + NO3 NO2 + O2 + NO (k2) | NO + N2O51 NO2 + NO2 + NO2 (K3) → Give the expression for the acceptable rate. → → (A). d[N205] dt == 2k,k₂[N₂O₂] k₁+k₁₂ (B). d[N2O5] =-k₁[N₂O] + k₁[NO₂] [NO3] - k₂[NO₂]³ dt (C). d[N2O5] =-k₁[N₂O] + k [NO] - k₂[NO] [NO] d[N2O5] (D). = dt = -k₁[N2O5] - k¸[NO][N₂05] dt Do not apply the calculations, based on the approximation of the stationary state, to make them perform correctly. Basta discard the 3 responses that you encounter that are obviously erroneous if you apply the formula to determine the speed of a reaction.

R lactam or lactone considering as weak acid or weak base and why

81. a. Propose a mechanism for the following reaction: OH CH2=CHCHC=N b. What is the product of the following reaction? HO H₂O N=CCH2CH2CH OH HO CH3CCH=CH2 H₂O C=N 82. Unlike a phosphonium ylide that reacts with an aldehyde or a ketone to form an alkene a sulfonium ulia

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 6

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 7

Chapter 12.2, Problem 12.4P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with molecular formula C5H12 has only one 3° carbon should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The condensed structure of an alkane with two 4° carbons should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula CnH2n+2.

In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.

Primary carbon ( 1° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other carbon atom and it is present at the end of chain.

Secondary carbon ( 2° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to two other carbon atoms.

Tertiary carbon ( 3° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to other three carbon atoms.

Quaternary carbon ( 4° ) is defined as the carbon which is bonded to four other carbon atoms.

Condensed structural formula is defined as the structural formula which shows the spatial arrangement of bonds in an organic compound. In this structural formula, the bonds between the atoms are shown with lines and omit the bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 12.1 - How many hydrogen atoms are present in each...Ch. 12.1 - Which formulas represent acyclic alkanes and which...Ch. 12.2 - Are the compounds in each pair constitutional...Ch. 12.2 - Draw two isomers with molecular formula C6H14 that...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.3P Ch. 12.2 - Classify the carbon atoms in each compound as 1°,...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.4P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.5P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.6P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 12.7P

Solution Summary: The author explains the condensed structure of an alkane which contains only 1° and 2° carbons.

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