Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The IUPAC name of the following alkane should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
In order to give an IUPAC name to an alkane following rules are followed:
- The longest carbon chain that is parent chain is determined and suffix −ane for alkane is used in the name.
- The numbering of the parent chain is done in such a way that the substituents get the lowest numbers.
- Name should be written in alphabetical order and numbering should be done in such a way that the substituent group gets lowest number.
- Hyphen is used to connect the number to the name.
For number of carbons atoms in alkane chain, the prefix is given as:
Carbon-1 meth
Carbon-2 eth
Carbon-3 prop
Carbon-4 but
Carbon-5 pent
Carbon-6 hex
Carbon-7 hept
Carbon-8 oct
Carbon-9 non
Carbon-10 dec
(b)
Interpretation:
One constitutional isomer of the following alkane should be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Constitutional isomers can be defined as the pair of molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural formula. This phenomenon is known as isomerism.
(c)
Interpretation:
The solubility of given molecule in water should be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The solubility of a molecule depends on the polarity of the solvent and solution that means like dissolve like. In other words, the polar molecule is soluble in polar solvent only and in non-polar solvents, the soluble molecule will be non-polar in nature.
(d)
Interpretation:
The solubility of given molecule in organic solvent should be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The solubility of a molecule depends on the polarity of the solvent and solution that means like dissolve like. In other words, the polar molecule is soluble in polar solvent only and in non-polar solvents, the soluble molecule will be non-polar in nature.
(e)
Interpretation:
The balanced equation for the complete combustion of the given compound should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Chemical equation is written in such a way that the symbolic representation of reaction represents the reaction taking place in the system. The reactants are written on the left-hand side and the products are written on the right-hand side of the equation and are separated by an arrow, two or more reactants and products are separated by "+".
The reactions for those the number of atoms of each element in the reactant and in the product, side are equal, such reactions are said to be a balanced chemical equation.
(f)
Interpretation:
The skeletal structure of the given compound should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The formula of a compound that shows the bonds between the atoms and other atoms omitting carbon and hydrogen atoms is said to be skeletal structure of that compound. In these structures, the bond between any atom(s) and hydrogen is also omitted.
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General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
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