Chapter 12, Problem 9RQ

What is Le Châtelier’s principle? Consider the reaction $2\text{NOCI}\left(g\right)\rightleftharpoons 2\text{NO}\left(g\right)+{\text{Cl}}_2\left(g\right)$ If this reaction is at equilibrium. what happens when the following changes occur?

a. NOCI(g) is added.

b. NO(g) is added.

c. NOCI(g) is removed.

d. Cl₂(g) is removed.

e. The container volume is decreased.

For each of these changes, what happens to the value of K for the reaction as equilibrium is reached again? Give an example of a reaction for which the addition or removal of one of the reactants or products has no effect on the equilibrium position.

In general, how will the equilibrium position of a gas-phase reaction be affected if the volume of the reaction vessel changes? Are there reactions that will not have their equilibria shifted by a change in volume? Explain. Why does changing the pressure in a rigid container by adding an inert gas not shift the equilibrium position for a gas-phase reaction?