Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134421377
Author: Charles H Corwin
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 84E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The boiling point of ethanol at an elevation where the atmospheric pressure is
Concept introduction:
Boiling is defined as a process in which a substance starts converting from liquid state to gaseous state. The temperature at which a substance starts boiling is known as its boiling point temperature. A liquid starts to boil at the temperature when the vapor pressure of the liquid becomes equal to the standard atmospheric pressure.
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AG/F-2° V
3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook
where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized.
Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14:
-0.93
+0.38
-0.50
-0.51 -0.06
H3PO4 →H4P206 →H3PO3 →→H3PO₂ → P → PH3
Acidic solution
Basic solution
-0.28
-0.50
3--1.12
-1.57
-2.05 -0.89
PO HPO H₂PO₂ →P → PH3
-1.73
a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the
formation and reduction of H4P206 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both
processes; comment.
(3 points)
0.5
PH
P
0.0
-0.5
-1.0-
-1.5-
-2.0
H.PO,
-2.3+
-3 -2
-1
1
2
3
2
H,PO,
b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic
conditions is shown. Identify possible
disproportionation and comproportionation processes;
write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points)
H,PO
4
S
Oxidation stale, N
4. For the following complexes, draw the structures and give a d-electron count of the
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a) Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III)
b) Hexabromoplatinate(2-)
c) Potassium diamminetetrabromocobaltate(III)
(6 points)
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Fe3+ (aq) + e
= Fe²+ (aq)
E° = +0.77 V
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(4 points)
Chapter 11 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
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