Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134421377
Author: Charles H Corwin
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 18E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The general relationship between the vapor pressure and boiling point of a liquid is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the gas state molecules liquid on the surface of the liquid. Vaporization of liquid occurs when the molecules on the surface of the liquid have enough amount of energy to leave, breaking the forces of attractions. The boiling point is the temperature at which the liquid starts boiling.
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AG/F-2° V
3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook
where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized.
Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14:
-0.93
+0.38
-0.50
-0.51 -0.06
H3PO4 →H4P206 →H3PO3 →→H3PO₂ → P → PH3
Acidic solution
Basic solution
-0.28
-0.50
3--1.12
-1.57
-2.05 -0.89
PO HPO H₂PO₂ →P → PH3
-1.73
a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the
formation and reduction of H4P206 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both
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(3 points)
0.5
PH
P
0.0
-0.5
-1.0-
-1.5-
-2.0
H.PO,
-2.3+
-3 -2
-1
1
2
3
2
H,PO,
b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic
conditions is shown. Identify possible
disproportionation and comproportionation processes;
write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points)
H,PO
4
S
Oxidation stale, N
4. For the following complexes, draw the structures and give a d-electron count of the
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a) Tris(acetylacetonato)iron(III)
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c) Potassium diamminetetrabromocobaltate(III)
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= Fe²+ (aq)
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
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