General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073511245
Author: Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.84P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To draw a condensed structure for an alcohol having molecular formula C4H10O.

Concept Introduction:

Condensed structure is accustomed to composing organic structure in a line of text. It demonstrates all molecules, however, overlooks the vertical bonds and most or all the horizontal single bonds. It utilizes brackets to demonstrate that polyatomic gatherings inside in a formula are joined to the closest non-hydrogen atom on the left side.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To indicate all polar bonds present in C4H10O.

Concept Introduction:

The unequal sharing of valence electrons in a bond is called polar bond. Polar bond result when the bond formed between two atoms in which one atom is more electronegative than the other one. One example of polar bond is HCl . Structure of HCl is as follows:

  General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry, Chapter 11, Problem 11.84P

In HCl , Chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To determine the geometry around the O atom.

Concept Introduction:

The following table should be used while determining the shape around an atom.

Number of groups Number of atomsNumber of lone pairsShapeBond angle
220Linear180°C
330Trigonal planar120°C
440Tetrahedral109.5°C
431Trigonal pyramidal109.5°C
422Bent109.5°C

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To determine the drawn compound as polar or nonpolar.

Concept Introduction:

Polar compound is that compound in which polar bonds are present. Bond formed due to unequal sharing of valence electrons is called polar bond. Polar bond result when the bond formed between two atoms in which one atom is more electronegative than the other one. One example of polar bond is HCl . Bond formed due to equal sharing of electrons by atom is termed as nonpolar and there is no net charge.

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Chapter 11 Solutions

General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry

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