General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780132931281
Author: Ralph H. Petrucci, F. Geoffrey Herring, Jeffry D. Madura, Carey Bissonnette
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 3E
Write plausible Lewis structures for the following molecules that contain only single covalent bonds. (a) FCI; (b) 12; (c) SF2; (d) NF2; (e) H2Te.
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1. Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms. (1pt each)
(a) Kr
(b) Ge
(c) N
(d) Ga
(e) As
(f) Rb
2. Write plausible Lewis structures for the following molecules that contain only single
covalent bonds. (2 pts each)
(а) FCI
(b) I2
(c) SF2
(d) NF3
(е) Н-Те
3. By means of Lewis structures, represent bonding between the following pairs of
elements (Your structures should show whether the bonding is essentially ionic or
covalent): (2 pts each)
(a) Cs and Br
(b) H and Sb
(c) B and Cl
(d) Cs and Cl
(e) Li and O
(f) Cl and I
4. Assign formal charges to each of the atoms in the following structures. (3 pts each)
(a)
[H–C=C:]¯
(c)
[CH3–CH-CH3]*
(b)
|2–
:0:
:0:
5. What is the formal charge of the indicated atom in each of the following structures?
(2 pts each)
(a) the central O atom in 03
(b) Al in AIH4-
(c) Cl in Cl03
(d) Si in SiF62-
(e) Cl in CIF3
6. Arrange the following elements in the order of decreasing electronegativity: fluorine,
bromine, lithium, francium, silicon. (1 pt each per…
Write Lewis structures for the following: (c) C2F6 (contains a C¬C bond), (d) AsO3 3 -, (e) H2SO3 (H is bonded to O), (f) NH2Cl..
Arrange the bonds in each of the following sets in order of increasing polarity: (a) C¬F, O¬F, Be¬F; (b) O¬Cl, S¬Br, C¬P; (c) C¬S, B¬F, N¬O.
What is the Lewis symbol for each of the following atoms or ions? (a) K, (b) As, (c) Sn2 + , (d) N3
Write electron configurations for the following ions and determine which have noble-gas configurations: (a) Cd2+, (b) P3-, (c) Zr4+
Hello, I want the answer in clear handwriting, please.
In which of the following molecules is it necessary to invoke charge-separated resonance structures in order that the central atom obeys the octet rule: (a) H2S; (b) HCN; (c) SO2; (d) AsF5; (e) [BF4]¯; (f) CO2; (g) BRF3.
Chapter 10 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Ch. 10 - Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms. (a)...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis symbols for the following ions. (a)...Ch. 10 - Write plausible Lewis structures for the following...Ch. 10 - Each of the following molecules contains at least...Ch. 10 - By means of Lewis structures, represent bonding...Ch. 10 - Which of the following have Lewis structures that...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7ECh. 10 - Suggest reasons why the following do not exist as...Ch. 10 - Describe what is wrong with each of the following...Ch. 10 - Describe what is wrong with each of the following...
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11ECh. 10 - Indicate what is wrong with each of the following...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the following ionic...Ch. 10 - Under appropriate conditions, both hydrogen and...Ch. 10 - Derive the correct formulas for the following...Ch. 10 - Each of the following ionic compounds consists of...Ch. 10 - Assign formal charges to each of the atoms in the...Ch. 10 - Assign formal charges to each of the atoms in the...Ch. 10 - Both oxidation state and formal charge involve...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20ECh. 10 - Prob. 21ECh. 10 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 23ECh. 10 - Show that the idea of minimizing the formal...Ch. 10 - Write acceptable Lewis structures for the...Ch. 10 - Two molecules that have the same formulas but...Ch. 10 - The following polyatomic anions involve covalent...Ch. 10 - Represent the following ionic compounds by Lewis...Ch. 10 - Write a plausible Lewis structure for...Ch. 10 - Prob. 30ECh. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Identify the main group that the element X belongs...Ch. 10 - Prob. 36ECh. 10 - Use your knowledge of electronegativities, but do...Ch. 10 - Which of the blowing molecules would you expect to...Ch. 10 - What is the percent ionic character of each of the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 40ECh. 10 - Prob. 41ECh. 10 - Use a cross-base arrow () to represent the...Ch. 10 - Which electrostatic potential map corresponds to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 44ECh. 10 - Two electrostatic potential maps are shown, one...Ch. 10 - Prob. 46ECh. 10 - Prob. 47ECh. 10 - Which of the following species requires a...Ch. 10 - Dinitrogen oxide (nitrous oxide, or "laughing...Ch. 10 - The Lewis structure of nitric acid, HONO2, is a...Ch. 10 - Draw Lewis structures for the following species,...Ch. 10 - Draw Lewis structures for the following species,...Ch. 10 - Write plausible Lewis structures for the following...Ch. 10 - Write plausible Lewis structures for the following...Ch. 10 - Which of the following species would you expect to...Ch. 10 - Write a plausible Lewis structure for NO2 , and...Ch. 10 - In which of the following species is it necessary...Ch. 10 - Prob. 58ECh. 10 - Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometric shapes...Ch. 10 - Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometric shapes...Ch. 10 - Each of the following is either linear, angular...Ch. 10 - Predict the geometric shapes of (a) CO ; (b)...Ch. 10 - One of the following ions has a trigonal-planer...Ch. 10 - Two of the following have the same shape. Which...Ch. 10 - Prob. 65ECh. 10 - Sketch the probable geometric shape of molecule of...Ch. 10 - Use the VSEPR theory to predict the shapes of the...Ch. 10 - Use the VSEPR theory to predict the shape of (a)...Ch. 10 - The molecular shape of BF2 is planar (see Table...Ch. 10 - Explain why it is not necessary to find the Lewis...Ch. 10 - Comment on the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 10 - Comment on the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 10 - Draw a plausible Lewis structure for the following...Ch. 10 - Draw a plausible Lewis structure for the following...Ch. 10 - Sketch the propyne molecule, CH2CCH. Indicate the...Ch. 10 - Sketch the propene molecule, CH2CHCH2. Indicate...Ch. 10 - Lactic acid has the formula CH2CH(OH)COOH. Sketch...Ch. 10 - Levulinic acid has the formula CH2(CO)CH2CH2COOH....Ch. 10 - Prob. 79ECh. 10 - Prob. 80ECh. 10 - Predict the shapes of the following molecules, and...Ch. 10 - Which of the blowing molecules would you expect to...Ch. 10 - The molecule H2O2 has a resultant dipole moment of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 84ECh. 10 - Without referring to tables in the text, indicate...Ch. 10 - Estimate the lengths of the blowing bonds and...Ch. 10 - A relationship between bond lengths and...Ch. 10 - In which of the following molecules would you...Ch. 10 - Prob. 89ECh. 10 - Prob. 90ECh. 10 - A reaction involved in the formation of ozone the...Ch. 10 - Use data from Table 10.3, but without performing...Ch. 10 - Use data from Table 10.3 to estimate the enthalpy...Ch. 10 - One of the chemical reactions that occurs in the...Ch. 10 - Estimate the standard enthalpies of formation at...Ch. 10 - Prob. 96ECh. 10 - Use bond energies from Table 10.3 to estimate rH...Ch. 10 - Equations (1) end (2) can be combined to yield the...Ch. 10 - One reaction involved in the sequence of reactions...Ch. 10 - Prob. 100ECh. 10 - Given the bond-dissociation energies:...Ch. 10 - Prob. 102IAECh. 10 - Prob. 103IAECh. 10 - Prob. 104IAECh. 10 - Prob. 105IAECh. 10 - Draw Lewis structures for two different molecules...Ch. 10 - Sodium azide, NaN2 is the nitrogen gas-forming...Ch. 10 - Prob. 108IAECh. 10 - Prob. 109IAECh. 10 - A few years ago the synthesis of a salt containing...Ch. 10 - Prob. 111IAECh. 10 - In certain polar solvents, PCI, undergoes an...Ch. 10 - Prob. 113IAECh. 10 - Prob. 114IAECh. 10 - Use the VSEPR theory to predict a probable shape...Ch. 10 - The standard enthalpy of formation of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 117IAECh. 10 - Prob. 118IAECh. 10 - Prob. 119IAECh. 10 - R. S. Mulliken proposed that the electronegativity...Ch. 10 - When molten sulfur reacts with chlorine gas, a...Ch. 10 - Hydrogen azide, HN2 , can exist in two forms. One...Ch. 10 - Prob. 123IAECh. 10 - Prob. 124IAECh. 10 - Prob. 125IAECh. 10 - One of the allotropes of sulfur is a ring of eight...Ch. 10 - One of the allotropes of phosphorus consists of...Ch. 10 - In this problem, we examine the basis of three...Ch. 10 - Prob. 129FPCh. 10 - Prob. 130FPCh. 10 - Prob. 131SAECh. 10 - Briefly describe each of the following ideas: (a)...Ch. 10 - Explain the important distinctions between (a)...Ch. 10 - Prob. 134SAECh. 10 - The formal charges on the O atoms in the ion...Ch. 10 - Which molecule is nonlinear?...Ch. 10 - Which molecule is nonpolar?...Ch. 10 - The highest bond-dissociation energy is found in...Ch. 10 - The greatest bond length is found in...Ch. 10 - Draw plausible Lewis structures for the blowing...Ch. 10 - Predict the shapes of the following...Ch. 10 - Which of the following ionic compounds is composed...Ch. 10 - Which of the following molecules does not obey the...Ch. 10 - Which of the following molecules has no polar...Ch. 10 - The electron-group geometry of H2O is (a)...Ch. 10 - For each of the following compounds, give the...Ch. 10 - Use bond enthalpies from Table 10.3 to determine...Ch. 10 - Prob. 148SAECh. 10 - Prob. 149SAECh. 10 - What is the VSEPR theory? On what physical basis...Ch. 10 - Prob. 151SAECh. 10 - Prob. 152SAECh. 10 - Prob. 153SAECh. 10 - Prob. 154SAE
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- These are NOTlegitimate Lewisstructures (and aremissing formalcharges). Show (as inthe example) how apair of electrons canbe moved to make theLewis structurelegitimate.arrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for the following: (a) H2CO (bothH atoms are bonded to C), (b) H2O2, (c) C2F6 (contains a C¬C bond), (d) AsO33- , (e) H2SO3 (H is bonded to O), (f) NH2Cl.arrow_forward1. Write the Lewis symbols for the following atoms:(a) Kr; (b) Ge; (c) N; (d) Ga; (e) Ace; (f) Rbarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning the structures below is/are true? You can select more than one, or none, of these statements. N = A N: Z: = N B = Z: :N=N- The total charge on this species is -1. Structure B is the least important structure. For each N in structure B, the formal charge is zero. Structures A and B are equivalent resonance structures. Structures A, B, and C are equivalent resonance structures. Structures A and C are equivalent resonance structures. In structure A, the N atom on the left has a formal charge of zero. C N:arrow_forwardDraw Lewis structures for each of the following molecules: (a) CH5N (contains a bond between C and N); (b) CH3NO2 (contains a bond between C and N but no bonds between C and O); (c) CH2O; (d) CH2Cl2; (e) BrCNarrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for the following: (a) H2CO (bothH atoms are bonded to C), (b) H2O2, (c) C2F6 (containsa C¬C bond), (d) AsO33 - , (e) H2SO3 (H is bonded to O),(f) NH2Clarrow_forward
- (c) PH3 (i) SF, Discussion: Which molecules are expected to violate the octet rule? Write the Lewis structures of the following molecules. (a) BeH2 (g) SeF4 (b) H2S (h) KrF;* (d) CF4 (i) PF 5 (e) IF3 (k) KrF2 (f) XEF4 (1) BCI3arrow_forwardThe completed Lewis structure of CH4 contains a total of 0 covalent bonds and 0 lone pairs. NOTE: If applicable, expand octets on relevant atoms to reduce formal charge as much as possible. NOTE: A double bond counts as "2 covalent bonds" for the purposes of this question.arrow_forwardWhich of these atoms cannotserve as a central atom in a Lewis structure: (a) O; (b) He; (c) F; (d) H; (e) P? Explain.arrow_forward
- 2.Molecules containing only single covalent bonds are suitableWrite Lewis structures: (a) FCl; (b) I2; (c) SF2; (d) NF3; (e) H2Tearrow_forwardThe completed Lewis structure of (CO3)2- contains a total of covalent bonds and lone pairs. Consider only a resonance structure in which all atoms have full octets. NOTE: If applicable, expand octets on relevant atoms to reduce formal charge as much as possible. NOTE: A double bond counts as "2 covalent bonds" for the purposes of this question.arrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for the following molecules and ions: (d) CH3COO−, (e) CN−, (f) CH3CH2NH3+.arrow_forward
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