The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S N 2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism. Concept introduction: Halogens like Cl 2 , Br 2 , and I 2 can behave as substrates in S N 2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl 2 , Br 2 , and I 2 are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.7YT

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps are to be labelled as either proton transfer or S_N2 under each reaction arrow in the mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Halogens like Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ can behave as substrates in S_N2 reactions in part because of their polarizability. Cl₂, Br₂, and I₂ are relatively highly polarizable due to their abundance of electrons, especially nonbonded electrons. Consequently, when an electron-rich species like the enolate anion approaches, the electrons on the halogen molecule are repelled quite readily, generating a substantial induced dipole. The halogen atom that is nearer the nucleophile, therefore, becomes electron poor. As a result, a curved arrow can be drawn from the electron-rich nucleophile to the electron-poor halogen atom.

Answer 8

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.1P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.2P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.3P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.4P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.6P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.7P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.8P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.9P Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that halogens like Cl 2, Br 2 and I 2 behave as substrates in S N 2 reactions because of their polarizability.

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