Chapter 10, Problem 10.39P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The detailed mechanism for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The $\text{α}$ carbon (carbon adjacent to the carbonyl carbon) having at least one hydrogen atom can be converted to a nucleophile by deprotonation. Thus, substitution at $\text{α}$ carbon of an aldehyde or ketones is possible. The reaction of primary alkyl halides proceeds via ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. The good and less sterically hindered nucleophile favors ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanism. The substrate having both nucleophile as well as a leaving group undergoes intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction and results in a cyclic product.