Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown. Concept Introduction: Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid. Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Question

Denote the dipole for the indicated bonds in the following molecules. H3C ✓ CH3 B F-CCl 3 Br-Cl H3C Si(CH3)3 wwwwwww OH НО. HO HO OH vitamin C CH3

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Ch. 10.1 - Write IUPAC names for these alcohols and include...Ch. 10.1 - Classify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or...Ch. 10.1 - Write IUPAC names for these unsaturated alcohols.Ch. 10.2 - Arrange these compounds in order of increasing...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10.4 - Predict the position of equilibrium for this...Ch. 10.5 - Show how to convert (R)-2-pentanol to...Ch. 10.6 - Draw structural formulas for the alkenes formed by...Ch. 10.6 - Propose a mechanism to account for this...Ch. 10.7 - Propose a mechanism to account for the following...

Solution Summary: The author explains how curved arrows indicate the flow of electrons in an acid-base reaction.

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