Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown. Concept Introduction: Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid. Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Question

In each of the following reactions, two possible organic products can be formed. Draw both organic products in each case and then circle the one formed in greatest quantity in each case. HC (a) 1) NaH, 2) acid (b) CH,CH,OH (c) CH,CH,OH NH2 (d) O

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 6

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 7

Chapter 10, Problem 10.25P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.

Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.

Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.

If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.

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Ch. 10.1 - Write IUPAC names for these alcohols and include...Ch. 10.1 - Classify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or...Ch. 10.1 - Write IUPAC names for these unsaturated alcohols.Ch. 10.2 - Arrange these compounds in order of increasing...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 10.5P Ch. 10.4 - Predict the position of equilibrium for this...Ch. 10.5 - Show how to convert (R)-2-pentanol to...Ch. 10.6 - Draw structural formulas for the alkenes formed by...Ch. 10.6 - Propose a mechanism to account for this...Ch. 10.7 - Propose a mechanism to account for the following...

Solution Summary: The author explains how curved arrows indicate the flow of electrons in an acid-base reaction.

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