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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.
Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
(b)
Interpretation:
Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.
Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
(c)
Interpretation:
Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.
Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
(d)
Interpretation:
Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.
Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
(e)
Interpretation:
Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.
Lewis acid: A compound or ionic species which can accept an electron pair from a donor compound.
Lewis base: A compound or ionic species which can donate an electron pair to an acceptor compound.
(f)
Interpretation:
Acid-base reaction has to be completed and all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and curved arrows that indicating the flow of electrons has to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Curved arrows: A curved arrow points from the electron donor to the electron acceptor. Also used to indicate the bond broken and bond forming. In an Acid-base reaction, one of the arrows is drawn from a lone pair on the base (high electron density) to the proton of the acid.
Bronsted-Lowry definition: If a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Identify (A) in the following reaction. 2H2 Pt (A) KMNO4 Warm conc. || С — С — о—н |CO,H + HO CO2H cis-cyclo hexane 1,2-dicarboxylic acid (a) (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward4 Determine how many carbon environments each of the following molecules posess.arrow_forwardComplete the following acid-base reaction . Show all valence electrons on the interacting atoms and show by the use of curved arrows the flow of electrons in each reaction.arrow_forward
- a) If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3) 3N] is 10.75, what should be the molarity of this solution? (CH3) 3N + H2O ↔ (CH3) 3NH + + OH-, Kb = 6.3 × 10-5 b) What will be the pH of the solution prepared by dissolving 8.35 g of aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3 + Cl-) in 750 mL of 0.215 M aniline (C6H5NH2)? Is this solution an effective buffer? Explain (Kb = 7.4 × 10-10 for aniline, C: 12.0 g / mol, H: 1.0 g / mol, N: 14.0 g / mol, Cl: 35.4 g / mol) .arrow_forwarda) Give the products of the following acid-base reaction. CH3CH₂OH (aq) + HCI (aq) ⇒ ? b) Will the reaction occur as written? Clearly explain your answer.arrow_forwarda) If the pH value of an aqueous solution of trimethylamine [(CH3)3N] is 10.75, what should be the molarity of this solution? (CH3)3N + H2O ↔ (CH3)3NH+ + OH-, Kb = 6,3 × 10-5 b) What will be the pH of the solution prepared by dissolving 8.35 g of aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3+Cl-) in 750 mL of 0.215 M aniline (C6H5NH2)? Is this solution an effective buffer? Explain (Kb = 7,4 × 10-10 for aniline, C: 12.0 g / mol, H: 1.0 g / mol, N: 14.0 g / mol, Cl: 35.4 g / mol) .arrow_forward
- Give reasons for the following :(i) Phenol is more acidic than methanol.(ii) The C—O—H bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle (190°28′).(iii) (CH3)3C—O—CH3 on reaction with HI gives (CH3)3C—I and CH3—OH as the main products and not (CH3)3C—OH and CH3—I.arrow_forwardPlease help me very urgentlyarrow_forward(d) This structure is that of an alcohol with the hydroxyl group on the third C atom of a five-carbon chain.The compound is called pentan-3-olarrow_forward
- What is/are the product(s) of the following acid/base reaction? OH (A) NaOCH3 Hint: Draw resonance structures!! (B) OCH3 (C) O (D)arrow_forwardWrite the products of the reaction of diphenhydramine (a base) with the acid HCI shown below. -COCH,CH,NCH3 + HCl CH3arrow_forwardCyanic acid (HOCN) and isocyanic acid (HNCO) dissolve in water to give the same anion upon deprotonation. (i) Draw Lewis structures for cyanic acid and isocyanic acid. (ii) Using arrow pushing and resonance, account for the fact that each acid gives the same anion on loss of H+ when reacted with NaOH.arrow_forward
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