![Introduction to Heat Transfer](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780470501962/9780470501962_largeCoverImage.gif)
Following the hot vacuum forming of a paper-pulp mixture, the product, an egg carton, is transported on a conveyor for 18 s toward the entrance of a gas-fired oven where it is dried to a desired final water content. Very little water evaporates during the travel time. So, to increase the productivity of the line, it is proposed that a bank of infrared radiation heaters, which provide a uniform radiant flux of
The chief engineer of your plant will approve the purchase of the heaters if they can reduce the water content by
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Chapter 1 Solutions
Introduction to Heat Transfer
- 8.15 A mercury bath at is to be heated by immersing cylindrical electric heating rods, each 20 cm tall and 2 cm in diameter. Calculate the maximum electric power rating of a typical rod if its maximum surface temperature is .arrow_forward7.43 Liquid sodium is to be heated from 500 K to 600 K by passing it at a flow rate of 5.0 kg/s through a 5-cmID tube whose surface is maintained at 620 K. What length of tube is required?arrow_forward3.5 In a ball-bearing production facility, steel balls that are each of 15 mm in diameter are annealed by first heating them to 870°C and then slowly cooling in air to 125°C. If the cooling air stream temperature is 60°C, and it has a convective heat transfer coefficient of , determine the time required for the cooling.arrow_forward
- Determine the power requirement of a soldering iron in which the tip is maintained at 400C. The tip is a cylinder 3 mm in diameter and 10 mm long. The surrounding air temperature is 20C, and the average convection heat transfer coefficient over the tip is 20W/m2K. The tip is highly polished initially, giving it a very low emittance.arrow_forwardA,B heat and mass transfer problemarrow_forwardYou, a process design engineer, are tasked to build a powerplant that utilizes 1.5 metric tons of municipal solid wastes (MSW) per hour. In an industrial boiler, MSW is burned to heat and pressurize 1 kg/s of preheated water to high-pressure steam (44 atm, 450 °C). The high-pressure steam, moving at a linear velocity of 70 m/s, is then used to drive a high-pressure turbine. In a heat exchanger, the used steam from the outlet of high-P turbine at an intermediate pressure (10 atm, 250 °C) is used to preheat the water that will be fed to the boiler. This water is pumped from an underground reservoir at a low velocity (1 atm, 25 °C). After preheating the water, the intermediate-pressure steam leaving the heat exchanger is then used to drive a low-pressure turbine. Lastly, the steam from outlet of the low-P turbine leaves at a velocity of 10 m/s (at 1 atm and 100 °C) via an exhaust 10 m above the pump inlet. The industrial boiler is insulated, but due to the high temperatures and the nature…arrow_forward
- If we neglect radiative heat transfer, what is the appropriate heat transfer coefficient value for stagnant ambient air?arrow_forward2-D: A fin may be manufactured as an integral part of a surface by using a casting or extrusion process, or it may be separately brazed or adhered to the surface. From thermal considerations, which option is preferred? 2-E: What is the difference between steady-state and transient heat transfer processes? Give an example for each of them. 2-F: What is the physical interpretation of the Biot number? 2-G: For flow over a flat plate, sketch variation of local convective heat transfer coefficient, h(x), versus the distance along the plate x for laminar, transition, and turbulent flow regimes.arrow_forwardC heat and mass transfer problemarrow_forward
- Once upon a time, a student from a certain university wants to learn crystallization using a Swenson-Walker crystallizer. The capacity of this crystallizer is 0.6124 Ib/s of FeSO4 slurry leaves at 300 K. The flow mechanism of the cooling is counter current through the jacket and its temperature increases from 61 to 70 F. The overall heat transfer coefficient has been estimated to be 190 Sl units. (). Determine the requirement for cooling water in kg/hr (i) Let supposed that each crystallizer unit is 3.5 yard long and each metre of crystallizer provides26.91 ft? surface, how many crystallizer units will be required?arrow_forward1. Two large plates are maintained at a temperature of 900 K and 500 K respectively. Each plate has area of 6°. Compare the net heat exchange between the plates for the following cases. () Both plates are black (i) Plates have an emissivity of 0.5 Given: T, =900 K T, =500 K A=6m’ To find: () (Qi2)s: Both plates are blackarrow_forwardOne side of a metal alloy, which is in a shape of rectangular prism that used for soldering and vertical position, is merged with the surface to be soldered; and the other side of it melted properly by exposing of laser radiation. At the beginning of proccess, the metal alloy had 720C melting temperature and as solder material melted, it has been flowing downstream troughout surface under the gravity. Laser digestion (absorbtion) coefficient of the alloy is given as 0,4; its melting elthapy is given as 33kJ/kg. Please determine instant melting velocity as a type of kg/m2-s in case it would be received 5 kW/m2 radiations and neglecting that the interaction of surface receiving radiation through convection and radiation. How much alloy melts when radiation time is 2s? Please determine instant melting velocity by thinking temperature as 200C, heat transmission coefficient as 15 W/m2-K, diffusion coefficient as 04, and considering interaction of it with ambient air. Please instil the…arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305387102/9781305387102_smallCoverImage.gif)