Introduction to Heat Transfer
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780470501962
Author: Frank P. Incropera, David P. DeWitt, Theodore L. Bergman, Adrienne S. Lavine
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.41P
Consider the transmission case of Problem 1.23, but now allow for radiation exchange with the ground/chassis, which may be approximated as large surroundings at
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An electric heating system is installed in the ceiling of a room 5 m (length), 5 m (width) and 2.5 m (height). The temperature of the ceiling is 315 K whereas under equilibrium conditions the walls are at 295 K. If the floor is non-sensitive to radiations and the emissivities of the ceiling and wall are 0.75 and 0.65 respectively. Calculate the radiant heat loss from the ceiling to the walls?
A small sphere (emissivity =0.503 radius=r1) is located at the center of a spherical abestos shell ( thickness =1.74 cm, outer radius= r2; thermal conductivity of abestos is 0.090 J/ (sm c degrees) The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 695 degrees Celsius while the temperature of the inner surface of the shell is 352 degrees Celsius, both temperatures remaining constant. Assuming that r2/r1 =8.75 and ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature in degrees Celsius of the outer surface of the shell.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Introduction to Heat Transfer
Ch. 1 - The thermal conductivity of a sheet of rigid,...Ch. 1 - The heat flux that is applied to the left face of...Ch. 1 - A concrete wall, which has a surface area of 20m2...Ch. 1 - The concrete slab of a basement is 11 m long, 8 m...Ch. 1 - Consider Figure 1.3. The heat flux in the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6PCh. 1 - The inner and outer surface temperatures of a...Ch. 1 - A thermodynamic analysis of a proposed Brayton...Ch. 1 - A glass window of width W=1m and height H=2m is 5...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10P
Ch. 1 - The heat flux that is applied to one face of a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.12PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.14PCh. 1 - The 5-mm-thick bottom of a 200-mm-diameter pan may...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.16PCh. 1 - For a boiling process such as shown in Figure...Ch. 1 - You've experienced convection cooling if you've...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.19PCh. 1 - A wall has inner and outer surface temperatures of...Ch. 1 - An electric resistance heater is embedded in a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.22PCh. 1 - A transmission case measures W=0.30m on a side and...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.24PCh. 1 - A common procedure for measuring the velocity of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.26PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.27PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.28PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.29PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.30PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.31PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.32PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.33PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.34PCh. 1 - An electrical resistor is connected to a battery,...Ch. 1 - Pressurized water pin=10bar,Tin=110C enters the...Ch. 1 - Consider the tube and inlet conditions of Problem...Ch. 1 - An internally reversible refrigerator has a...Ch. 1 - A household refrigerator operates with cold- and...Ch. 1 - Chips of width L=15mm on a side are mounted to a...Ch. 1 - Consider the transmission case of Problem 1.23,...Ch. 1 - One method for growing thin silicon sheets for...Ch. 1 - Heat is transferred by radiation and convection...Ch. 1 - Radioactive wastes are packed in a long,...Ch. 1 - An aluminum plate 4 mm thick is mounted in a...Ch. 1 - A blood warmer is to be used during the...Ch. 1 - Consider a carton of milk that is refrigerated at...Ch. 1 - The energy consumption associated with a home...Ch. 1 - Liquid oxygen, which hems a boiling point of 90 K...Ch. 1 - The emissivity of galvanized steel sheet, a common...Ch. 1 - Three electric resistance heaters of length...Ch. 1 - A hair dryer may be idealized as a circular duct...Ch. 1 - In one stage of an annealing process, 304...Ch. 1 - Convection ovens operate on the principle of...Ch. 1 - Annealing, an important step in semiconductor...Ch. 1 - In the thermal processing of semiconductor...Ch. 1 - A furnace for processing semiconductor materials...Ch. 1 - Single fuel cells such as the one of Example 1.5...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.59PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.60PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.61PCh. 1 - A small sphere of reference-grade iron with a...Ch. 1 - A 50mm45mm20mm cell phone charger has a surface...Ch. 1 - A spherical, stainless steel (AISI 302) canister...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.65PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.66PCh. 1 - A photovoltaic panel of dimension 2m4m is...Ch. 1 - Following the hot vacuum forming of a paper-pulp...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.69PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.70PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.71PCh. 1 - The roof of a car in a parking lot absorbs a solar...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.73PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.74PCh. 1 - Consider Problem 1.1. If the exposed cold surface...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.76PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.77PCh. 1 - A thin electrical heating element provides a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.79PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.80PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.81PCh. 1 - The curing process of Example 1.9 involves...Ch. 1 - The diameter and surface emissivity of an...Ch. 1 - Bus bars proposed for use in a power transmission...Ch. 1 - A solar flux of 700W/m2 is incident on a...Ch. 1 - In considering the following problems involving...
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- 1.26 Repeat Problem 1.25 but assume that the surface of the storage vessel has an absorbance (equal to the emittance) of 0.1. Then determine the rate of evaporation of the liquid oxygen in kilograms per second and pounds per hour, assuming that convection can be neglected. The heat of vaporization of oxygen at –183°C is .arrow_forwardA long wire 0.7 mm in diameter with an emissivity of 0.9 is placed in a large quiescent air space at 270 K. If the wire is at 800 K, calculate the net rate of heat loss. Discuss your assumptions.arrow_forward1.11 Calculate the heat loss through a glass window 7-mm thick if the inner surface temperature is 20°C and the outer surface temperature is 17°C. Comment on the possible effect of radiation on your answer.arrow_forward
- 11.41 Determine the steady-state temperatures of two radiation shields placed in the evacuated space between two infinite planes at temperatures of 555 K and 278 K. The emissivity of all surfaces is 0.8.arrow_forward1.25 A spherical vessel, 0.3 m in diameter, is located in a large room whose walls are at 27°C (see sketch). If the vessel is used to store liquid oxygen at –183°C and both the surface of the storage vessel and the walls of the room are black, calculate the rate of heat transfer by radiation to the liquid oxygen in watts and in Btu/h.arrow_forwardA large capacity with a small hole and kept at temperature T is a good approximation for an ideal radiator or blackbody. Radiation can enter and exit the cavity through the hole. The cavity is a perferct absorber as any radiation event occurring in the hole is trapped inside the cavity. Such a gap at 400 degrees has a bore with an area of 6.00 mm ^ 2. How long does it take for the cavity to emit 300 J of energy from the hole?arrow_forward
- 1. Consider a spaceship that has a volume V = 3000 m³, is effectively spherical in shape and has a density comparable to water (p = 1000 kg m-3). It absorbs CMB radiation (TCMB = 2.73K) and radiates its own radiation with a blackbody spectrum of T = 300K. What is its mass, radius and surface area? At what rate does it absorb energy from the CMB? (Hint: You can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law.) How many CMB photons are absorbed per а. b. с. second? d. At what rate does it emit energy through blackbody radiation? What is the net rate that the spaceship temperature would change if the spaceship has an е. effective heat capacity of pure water: C = 4200 J kg-1K-1 ?arrow_forwardMATLAB PROBLEMarrow_forwardMolten metal at 2000 C is poured using crucible. The liquid metal jet has a diameter of 3 mm with an insulation shield of 5 cm diameter. There is a slit of 30 degrees around the insulation shield. The temperature inside the room is 30 C and the shield is 700 C. Assuming black bodies, find the net heat transfer between jet and shield, jet and room, shield and the room. One of the steps is wrong? Slit doesnot participate in radiation To find the view factor between metal and shield , ratio of the angles is used View factors are one of the most important steps to solve the problem None of the given Resistance network is required to be builtarrow_forward
- A small sphere (emissivity = 0.745, radius = r1) is located at the center of a spherical asbestos shell (thickness = 1.72 cm, outer radius = r2; thermal conductivity of asbestos is 0.090 J/(s m Co)). The thickness of the shell is small compared to the inner and outer radii of the shell. The temperature of the small sphere is 727 °C, while the temperature of the inner surface of the shell is 406 °C, both temperatures remaining constant. Assuming that r2/r1 = 6.54 and ignoring any air inside the shell, find the temperature in degrees Celsius of the outer surface of the shell.arrow_forwardA triangular duct is shown in the figure. The base of the duct (surface 1) is maintained at a temperature of 600 K. The left panel (surface 2) is insulated and the right panel (surface 3) is heated and maintained at 1300 K. Find a) the radiosities of all surfaces, b) the required rate of heat transfer to surface 3 to maintain the steady state temperatures as specified, and c) the temperature of the insulated surface. ε DATA: L = 1m W = 2m ε1 = 0.7 ε2 = 0.8 ε3 = 0.4 Assume any if there are missing parameters that is needed to solve the problem.arrow_forwardGive step-by-step calculation and explanation Consider a person sitting nude on a beach in Florida. On a sunny day, visible radiation energy from the sun is absorbed by the person at a rate of 30 kcal/h or 34.9 W. The air temperature is a warm 30 °C and the individual’s skin temperature is 32 °C. The effective body surface exposed to the sun is 0.9 m². (Assume this same area for sun absorption, radiative transfer, and convective loss. Is this a good assumption?) a. Find the net energy gain or loss from thermal radiation each hour. (Assume thermal radiative gain and loss according to the equation 6.51 in Herman and an emissivity of 1.) -(4). Equalion (6.51) - (40Tin)Eskin Aşkin (Tskin – Troom) dt = (4 x 5.67 x 10¬8 w/m²–K* x (307 K)')€skin Askin (Tskin – Troom). (6.52) b. If there is a 4 m/s breeze, find the energy lost by convection each hour. (Use Eq. 6.61 with eq. 6.63.) 1 Equation he(Tskin – Tair), (6.61) A dt he 10.45 – w + 10w0.5 (6.63) - c. If the individual’s metabolic rate is…arrow_forward
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