ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259977596
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.21P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The conversion of given condensed structure of lactic acid to a Lewis structure is to be stated.
Concept introduction: To convert a condensed structure into Lewis structure, one should start from the left side and make sure that each carbon atom must be tetravalent. Also, give two lone pairs on each oxygen atom to have a complete octet.
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During periods of strenuous exercise, the buildup of lactic acid [CH3CH(OH)CO2H] causes the aching feeling in sore muscles. Convert this condensed structure to a Lewis structure of lactic acid.
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Two or more of your answers are incorrect.
Use this condensed chemical structure to complete the table below.
O
||
CH,=CH–C-H
The condensed chemical structure of acrolein
Some facts about the acrolein molecule:
number of carbon-carbon single (CC) bonds:
number of carbon-hydrogen single (CH) bonds:
number of lone pairs:
X
S
2
1
4
Chapter 1 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Ch. 1 - While the most common isotope of nitrogen has a...Ch. 1 - Label each bond in the following compounds as...Ch. 1 - How many covalent bonds are predicted for each...Ch. 1 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for each species. a....Ch. 1 - Draw an acceptable Lewis structure for each...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6PCh. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each ion. a. CH3Ob....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.8PCh. 1 - Draw Lewis structures for each molecular formula....Ch. 1 - Classify each pair of compounds as isomers or...
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.13PCh. 1 - Draw a second resonance structure for each species...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.15PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.16PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.17PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.18PCh. 1 - Using the principles of VSEPR theory, you can...Ch. 1 - Convert each condensed formula to a Lewis...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.21PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.22PCh. 1 - Convert each skeletal structure to a complete...Ch. 1 - What is the molecular formula of quinine, the...Ch. 1 - Draw in all hydrogens and lone pairs on the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.26PCh. 1 - What orbitals are used to form each of the CC, and...Ch. 1 - What orbitals are used to form each bond in the...Ch. 1 - Determine the hybridization around the highlighted...Ch. 1 - The unmistakable odor of a freshly cut cucumber is...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.31PCh. 1 - Rank the following atoms in order of increasing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.33PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.34PCh. 1 - Provide the following information about...Ch. 1 - Use the ball-and-stick model to answer each...Ch. 1 - Citric acid is responsible for the tartness of...Ch. 1 - Zingerone gives ginger its pungent taste. a.What...Ch. 1 - Assign formal charges to each carbon atom in the...Ch. 1 - Assign formal charges to each and atom in the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.41PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.42PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.43PCh. 1 - Draw all possible isomers for each molecular...Ch. 1 - 1.45 Draw Lewis structures for the nine isomers...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.46PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.47PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.48PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.49PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.50PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.51PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.52PCh. 1 - Consider compounds A-D, which contain both a...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.54PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.55PCh. 1 - 1.56 Consider the compounds and ions with curved...Ch. 1 - 1.57 Predict all bond angles in each...Ch. 1 - 1.58 Predict the geometry around each highlighted...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.59PCh. 1 - Draw in all the carbon and hydrogen atoms in each...Ch. 1 - 1.61 Convert each molecule into a skeletal...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.62PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.63PCh. 1 - Predict the hybridization and geometry around each...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.65PCh. 1 - Ketene, , is an unusual organic molecule that has...Ch. 1 - Rank the following bonds in order of increasing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.68PCh. 1 - Two useful organic compounds that contain Cl atoms...Ch. 1 - Use the symbols + and to indicate the polarity of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.71PCh. 1 - Anacin is an over-the-counter pain reliever that...Ch. 1 - Answer the following questions about acetonitrile...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.74PCh. 1 - 1.75 The principles of this chapter can be...Ch. 1 -
a. What is the hybridization of each N atom in...Ch. 1 - 1.77 Stalevo is the trade name for a medication...Ch. 1 - 1.78 and are two highly reactive carbon...Ch. 1 - 1.79 The N atom in (acetamide) is hybridized,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.80PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.81PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.82PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.83PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.84PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.85P
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- 2) Using bond energies, verify that the complete combustion of ethene gas, C2 H4 (g) (H2C = CH2), to gaseous carbon dioxide and the water is an exothermic reaction.arrow_forwardIs C3H7Br a polar molecule? If so, indicate the polarity of each bond and the direction of the net dipole.arrow_forwardStructural Isomers: In the next part you will learn a little about structural isomers and how to draw them. Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula, but different bonding arrangements or connectivities. In other words, the atoms are connected in a different order. For example, there are 2 different compounds with the molecular formula C4H10. They are given below: H H-C- H -H H H HHH H- H H-C -H Η ΗΗ H H Do you see how the atoms are bonded in a different order in the 2 structures? So they are structural isomers. C3H12 Find three different molecular structures, isomers, with this formula. (Hint: Remember the C rule where every C atom needs to have 4 bonds.) C2H60 Find two different molecules with this formula. (Hint: What are the 2 ways you can C5H10 How many structural isomers can you find for this formula? (Hint: Notice that 2 H atoms have been removed. This means that there is EITHER 1 double bond OR there is a ring structure.) Try to provide at least 4…arrow_forward
- Use this condensed chemical structure to complete the table below.arrow_forwardUse this condensed chemical structure to complete the table below. CH, — С — О — С — CH, The condensed chemical structure of acetic anhydride Some facts about the acetic anhydride molecule: number of carbon-carbon single (C - C) bonds: number of carbon-hydrogen single (C - H) bonds: number of lone pairs:arrow_forwardThese two different C2H6O compounds are called structural (or constitutional) isomers - compounds with the same molecular formula but with different connections among their constituent atoms. If you must break and make new bonds in order to convert one structure into the other (not simply rotate the model around), then they are structural isomers. The concept of isomers is very important in organic chemistry and biochemistry. This is also another instance where condensed formulas can be very useful because they can help you distinguish two isomers apart even when you don't have models. Exercise 8) Can your models be interconverted by rotating bonds, or must the bonds be broken first? What does that mean about these two structures?arrow_forward
- Methyl isocyanate, CH3 -N= C = O, is used in the industrial synthesis of a type of pesticide and herbicide known as a carbamate. As a historical note, an industrial accident in Bhopal, India, in 1984 resulted in leakage of an unknown quantity of this chemical into the air. An estimated 200,000 people were exposed to its vapors, and over 2000 of these people died. Q.) Write a Lewis structure for methyl isocyanate and predict its bond angles. What is the hybridization of its carbonyl carbon? Of its nitrogen atom?arrow_forwardConvert the condensed formula CH3(CH2), CHO into a Lewis structure (including all lone pair electrons). Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X 5 Aarrow_forwardWhich molecule contains carbon with a negative formal charge? CO CO2 H2CO CH4arrow_forward
- Draw the condensed structure of an isomer of this molecule: O ů CH3-C-C-CH3 Oarrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for these ions. Show all valence electrons and all formal charges. (a) Amide ion, NH2 (b) Bicarbonate ion, HCO3 (c) Carbonate ion, CO32 (d) Nitrate ion, NO3 (e) Formate ion, HCOO (f) Acetate ion, CH3COOarrow_forwardConsider the pyrosulfate ion, S2O72-. It has no sulfur–sulfur nor oxygen–oxygen bonds. (a) Write a Lewis structure for the pyrosulfate ion using only single bonds. (b) What is the formal charge on the sulfur atoms for the Lewis structure you drew in part (a)? (c) Write another Lewis structure using six bonds and two O—S bonds. (d) What is the formal charge on each atom for the structure you drew in part (c)?arrow_forward
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