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(a)
Interpretation:
The member of the given pair which is expected to have high boiling point has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The derivative of alkane with halogen instead of one or more hydrogen atoms is known as halogenated alkane. If the same is present in cycloalkane, then it is known as halogenated cycloalkane. They are product of reaction between alkane/cycloalkane with halogens.
Physical properties of halogenated
Boiling point of halogenated hydrocarbon is usually higher than the corresponding hydrocarbon. This is because, there is a polarity difference between carbon and halogen atom. This result in increased dipole‑dipole interactions.
General trend considering the boiling point and melting point of halogenated hydrocarbon are,
- Melting and boiling points increase with the increase in size of alkyl groups that is present. Due to the increasing intermolecular forces, the melting and boiling point increases.
- As the size of halogen atom increases, the melting point and boiling point also increases.
Halogenated hydrocarbons do not possess hydrogen bonding capability. Therefore, solubility of halogenated hydrocarbon is limited.
(b)
Interpretation:
The member of the given pair which is expected to have high boiling point has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The derivative of alkane with halogen instead of one or more hydrogen atoms is known as halogenated alkane. If the same is present in cycloalkane, then it is known as halogenated cycloalkane. They are product of reaction between alkane/cycloalkane with halogens.
Physical properties of halogenated alkanes:
Boiling point of halogenated hydrocarbon is usually higher than the corresponding hydrocarbon. This is because, there is a polarity difference between carbon and halogen atom. This result in increased dipole‑dipole interactions.
General trend considering the boiling point and melting point of halogenated hydrocarbon are,
- Melting and boiling points increase with the increase in size of alkyl groups that is present. Due to the increasing intermolecular forces, the melting and boiling point increases.
- As the size of halogen atom increases, the melting point and boiling point also increases.
Halogenated hydrocarbons do not possess hydrogen bonding capability. Therefore, solubility of halogenated hydrocarbon is limited.
(c)
Interpretation:
The member of the given pair which is expected to have high boiling point has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The derivative of alkane with halogen instead of one or more hydrogen atoms is known as halogenated alkane. If the same is present in cycloalkane, then it is known as halogenated cycloalkane. They are product of reaction between alkane/cycloalkane with halogens.
Physical properties of halogenated alkanes:
Boiling point of halogenated hydrocarbon is usually higher than the corresponding hydrocarbon. This is because, there is a polarity difference between carbon and halogen atom. This result in increased dipole‑dipole interactions.
General trend considering the boiling point and melting point of halogenated hydrocarbon are,
- Melting and boiling points increase with the increase in size of alkyl groups that is present. Due to the increasing intermolecular forces, the melting and boiling point increases.
- As the size of halogen atom increases, the melting point and boiling point also increases.
Halogenated hydrocarbons do not possess hydrogen bonding capability. Therefore, solubility of halogenated hydrocarbon is limited.
(d)
Interpretation:
The member of the given pair which is expected to have high boiling point has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
The derivative of alkane with halogen instead of one or more hydrogen atoms is known as halogenated alkane. If the same is present in cycloalkane, then it is known as halogenated cycloalkane. They are product of reaction between alkane/cycloalkane with halogens.
Physical properties of halogenated alkanes:
Boiling point of halogenated hydrocarbon is usually higher than the corresponding hydrocarbon. This is because, there is a polarity difference between carbon and halogen atom. This result in increased dipole‑dipole interactions.
General trend considering the boiling point and melting point of halogenated hydrocarbon are,
- Melting and boiling points increase with the increase in size of alkyl groups that is present. Due to the increasing intermolecular forces, the melting and boiling point increases.
- As the size of halogen atom increases, the melting point and boiling point also increases.
Halogenated hydrocarbons do not possess hydrogen bonding capability. Therefore, solubility of halogenated hydrocarbon is limited.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic And Biological Chemistry
- How many signals do you expect in the H NMR spectrum for this molecule? Br Br Write the answer below. Also, in each of the drawing areas below is a copy of the molecule, with Hs shown. In each copy, one of the H atoms is colored red. Highlight in red all other H atoms that would contribute to the same signal as the H already highlighted red. Note for advanced students: In this question, any multiplet is counted as one signal. Number of signals in the 'H NMR spectrum. For the molecule in the top drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in top molecule For the molecule in the bottom drawing area, highlight in red any other H atoms that will contribute to the same signal as the H atom already highlighted red. If no other H atoms will contribute, check the box at right. No additional Hs to color in bottom moleculearrow_forwardIn the drawing area below, draw the major products of this organic reaction: 1. NaOH ? 2. CH3Br If there are no major products, because nothing much will happen to the reactant under these reaction conditions, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : A คarrow_forwardPredict the major products of the following organic reaction: NC Δ ? Some important Notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of the reaction in the drawing area below. • If there aren't any products, because no reaction will take place, check the box below the drawing area instead. • Be sure to draw bonds carefully to show important geometric relationships between substituents. Note: if your answer contains a complicated ring structure, you must use one of the molecular fragment stamps (available in the menu at right) to enter the ring structure. You can add any substituents using the pencil tool in the usual way. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Х аarrow_forward
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- + Predict the major product of the following reaction. : ☐ + ☑ ค OH H₂SO4 Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardConsider this organic reaction: ... OH CI Draw the major products of the reaction in the drawing area below. If there won't be any major products, because this reaction won't happen at a significant rate, check the box under the drawing area instead. ☐ No Reaction. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. : аarrow_forwardConsider the following reactants: Br Would elimination take place at a significant rate between these reactants? Note for advanced students: by significant, we mean that the rate of elimination would be greater than the rate of competing substitution reactions. yes O no If you said elimination would take place, draw the major products in the upper drawing area. If you said elimination would take place, also draw the complete mechanism for one of the major products in the lower drawing area. If there is more than one major product, you may draw the mechanism that leads to any of them. Major Products:arrow_forward
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