The fluorescence microscopy images below show the same cell imaged for a tubulin-GFP fusion protein and a fluorescent DNA stain. The rightmost image is a digital merger of the first two. Tubulin-GFP DNA stain Merged image At this stage in the cell cycle, the mitotic CDK complex has reached peak activity. In four or fewer sentences, describe how this mitotic CDK activity results in: 1) protease cleavage of cohesin and 2) eventual targeting of mitotic cyclins for degradation.

The fluorescence microscopy images below show the same cell imaged for a tubulin-GFP fusion protein and a fluorescent DNA stain. The rightmost image is a digital merger of the first two. Tubulin-GFP DNA stain Merged image At this stage in the cell cycle, the mitotic CDK complex has reached peak activity. In four or fewer sentences, describe how this mitotic CDK activity results in: 1) protease cleavage of cohesin and 2) eventual targeting of mitotic cyclins for degradation.

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter28: Dna Metabolism: Replication, Recombination, And Repair

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19P: Figure 28.11 depicts the eukaryotic cell cycle. Many cell types â€œexitâ€� the cell cycle and...

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Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment, researchers examined the effect of radium on mitosis of chick embryo cells growing in culture. A population of experimental cells was examined under the microscope for the number of cells in telophase (as a measure of mitosis occurring) before, during, and after exposure to radium. The results are shown in the Figure. What is the effect of radium exposure on mitosis? Source: R. G. Canti and M. Donaldson. 1926. The effect of radium on mitosis in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 100:413419.
FtsZ proteins direct the formation of a ___________ that will eventually form the new cell walls of the daughter cells. contractile ring cell plate cytoskeletom septum
Describe how the duplicated bacterial chromosomes are distributed into new daughter cells without the direction of the mitotic spindle.
List some reasons why a cell that has just completed cytokinesis might enter the G0 phase instead of the G1 phase.
Rb is a negative regulator that blocks the cell cycle at the G1 checkpoint until the cell achieves a requisite size. What molecular mechanism does Rb employ to halt the cell cycle?
Which of the following statements about cell cycle regulators is incorrect? a. The concentrations of cyclins change throughout the cell cycle. b. Cyclins are present in all stages of the cell cycle except S. c. Cyclin-Cdk complexes phosphorylate target proteins. d. Cdks combine with cyclin to move the cycle into mitosis. e. During anaphase of mitosis, cyclin is degraded, allowing mitosis to end.
If the M checkpoint is not cleared, what stage of mitosis will be blocked? prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase
Chemotherapy drugs such as vincristine (derived from Madagascar periwinkle plants) and colchicine (derived from autumn crocus plants) disrupt mitosis by binding to tubulin (the subunit of microtubules) and interfering with microtubule assembly and disassembly. Exactly what mitotic structure is targeted by these drugs and what effect would that have on cell division?
A cell from a human female has just undergone mitosis. For unknown reasons, the centromere of chromosome 7 failed to divide. Describe the chromosomal contents of the daughter cells.
Figure 10.13 Rb and other proteins that negatively regulate the cell cycle are sometimes called tumor suppressors. Why do you think the name tumor suppressor might be appropriate for these proteins?
Some cancer cells are insensitive to typical chemotherapy. Research into the mechanisms underlying this insensitivity uncovered an ability by these cells to pump the treatment drug out of the cell against its concentration gradient. Additional drugs have been developed that inhibit the pump, thus trapping the chemotherapeutic agent inside to promote cancer cell destruction. The Figure shows what happens when two types of cells are treated with a 3H-labeled anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel. Which set of cells (A or B) would be described as resistant to the cancer treatment? Explain your answer. What type of transport are the resistant cells using?
The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure? centromere centroscme kinetochore cleavage furrow