- The concentration of glucose in your circulatory system is maintained near 5.0 mM by the actions of the pancreatic hormones glucagon and insulin. Glucose is imported into cells by protein transporters that are highly specific for binding glucose. Inside the liver cells the imported glucose is rapidly phosphorylated to give glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P). This is an ATP-de- pendent process that consumes 1 mol ATP per mol of glucose. (a) The process of phosphorylating the glucose after it has been transported into the cell is considered a form of active transport-called "transport by modification"-even though ATP is not bound by the transporter protein, nor is ATP hydrolysis directly involved in the movement of glucose across the membrane. Explain the thermodynamic basis for this form of active transport (Hint: Consider Le Chatelier's principle). (b) Given ATP = 4.7 mM; ADP = 0.15 mM; P, = 6.1 mM, calculate the theoretical maximum concentration of G-6-P inside a liver cell at 37 °C, pH = 7.2 when the glucose concentration outside the cell (i.e., Iglucose]outside) is 5.0 mM: → ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + H* ATP + glucose,nside For ATP + H,O ADP + P, + H* AG" = -32.2 kJ/mol and for G-6-P + H,0 → Glucose + P, AG" = -13.8 kJ/mol
- The concentration of glucose in your circulatory system is maintained near 5.0 mM by the actions of the pancreatic hormones glucagon and insulin. Glucose is imported into cells by protein transporters that are highly specific for binding glucose. Inside the liver cells the imported glucose is rapidly phosphorylated to give glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P). This is an ATP-de- pendent process that consumes 1 mol ATP per mol of glucose. (a) The process of phosphorylating the glucose after it has been transported into the cell is considered a form of active transport-called "transport by modification"-even though ATP is not bound by the transporter protein, nor is ATP hydrolysis directly involved in the movement of glucose across the membrane. Explain the thermodynamic basis for this form of active transport (Hint: Consider Le Chatelier's principle). (b) Given ATP = 4.7 mM; ADP = 0.15 mM; P, = 6.1 mM, calculate the theoretical maximum concentration of G-6-P inside a liver cell at 37 °C, pH = 7.2 when the glucose concentration outside the cell (i.e., Iglucose]outside) is 5.0 mM: → ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + H* ATP + glucose,nside For ATP + H,O ADP + P, + H* AG" = -32.2 kJ/mol and for G-6-P + H,0 → Glucose + P, AG" = -13.8 kJ/mol
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
![- The concentration of glucose in your circulatory system is maintained near
5.0 mM by the actions of the pancreatic hormones glucagon and insulin.
Glucose is imported into cells by protein transporters that are highly specific
for binding glucose. Inside the liver cells the imported glucose is rapidly
phosphorylated to give glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P). This is an ATP-de-
pendent process that consumes 1 mol ATP per mol of glucose.
(a) The process of phosphorylating the glucose after it has been transported
into the cell is considered a form of active transport-called "transport
by modification"-even though ATP is not bound by the transporter
protein, nor is ATP hydrolysis directly involved in the movement of
glucose across the membrane. Explain the thermodynamic basis for this
form of active transport (Hint: Consider Le Chatelier's principle).
(b) Given ATP = 4.7 mM; ADP = 0.15 mM; P, = 6.1 mM, calculate
the theoretical maximum concentration of G-6-P inside a liver cell
at 37 °C, pH = 7.2 when the glucose concentration outside the cell
(i.e., Iglucose]outside) is 5.0 mM:
→ ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + H*
ATP + glucose,nside
For ATP + H,O ADP + P, + H* AG" = -32.2 kJ/mol and for
G-6-P + H,0 → Glucose + P, AG" = -13.8 kJ/mol](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Ffe220f9b-e0f0-46f2-8683-3cfa002b7054%2F71052c14-c2e0-42de-9651-a79e0acd61cb%2F3lvdpc_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:- The concentration of glucose in your circulatory system is maintained near
5.0 mM by the actions of the pancreatic hormones glucagon and insulin.
Glucose is imported into cells by protein transporters that are highly specific
for binding glucose. Inside the liver cells the imported glucose is rapidly
phosphorylated to give glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P). This is an ATP-de-
pendent process that consumes 1 mol ATP per mol of glucose.
(a) The process of phosphorylating the glucose after it has been transported
into the cell is considered a form of active transport-called "transport
by modification"-even though ATP is not bound by the transporter
protein, nor is ATP hydrolysis directly involved in the movement of
glucose across the membrane. Explain the thermodynamic basis for this
form of active transport (Hint: Consider Le Chatelier's principle).
(b) Given ATP = 4.7 mM; ADP = 0.15 mM; P, = 6.1 mM, calculate
the theoretical maximum concentration of G-6-P inside a liver cell
at 37 °C, pH = 7.2 when the glucose concentration outside the cell
(i.e., Iglucose]outside) is 5.0 mM:
→ ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + H*
ATP + glucose,nside
For ATP + H,O ADP + P, + H* AG" = -32.2 kJ/mol and for
G-6-P + H,0 → Glucose + P, AG" = -13.8 kJ/mol
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