Like many fruits, apples contain not only fructose and glucose, but also sucrose, a dimer of fructose and glucose. Synthesizing sucrose is endergonic and so not spontaneous. One role of ATP is to facilitate reactions that would not occur spontaneously. The three phosphate groups are electron rich and tend to repel each other. Therefore, ATP is a bit like a compressed spring, ready to kick off one phosphate group releasing energy. Consider: Fructose + glucose --> Sucrose delta G= 6.4 kcal/mol ATP --> ADP + Pi delta G= -7.3 kcal/mol a. Draw a simple energy diagram (including the relative energy of the reactants and products) that shows why the sucrose synthesis reaction doesn’t occur spontaneously. b. How could having these two reactions occur at the same time help with sucrose production? c. Draw the energy diagram that shows all the reactants and products for the combined reactions. d. What is delta G for the combined reactions? e. Name a few of the biological processes in the body that require ATP?
Like many fruits, apples contain not only fructose and glucose, but also sucrose, a dimer
of fructose and glucose. Synthesizing sucrose is endergonic and so not spontaneous. One
role of ATP is to facilitate reactions that would not occur spontaneously. The three
phosphate groups are electron rich and tend to repel each other. Therefore, ATP is a bit
like a compressed spring, ready to kick off one phosphate group releasing energy.
Consider:
Fructose + glucose --> Sucrose
delta G= 6.4 kcal/mol
ATP --> ADP + Pi
delta G= -7.3 kcal/mol
a. Draw a simple energy diagram (including the relative energy of the reactants and
products) that shows why the sucrose synthesis reaction doesn’t occur spontaneously.
b. How could having these two reactions occur at the same time help with sucrose
production?
c. Draw the energy diagram that shows all the reactants and products for the combined
reactions.
d. What is delta G for the combined reactions?
e. Name a few of the biological processes in the body that require ATP?
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