A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimentalmedication to placebo to reduce the symptoms of asthma.Two hundred participants are enrolled in the study andrandomized to receive either the experimental medication orplacebo. The primary outcome is a self-reported reduction ofsymptoms. Among 100 participants who receive theexperimental medication, 38 report a reduction of symptomsas compared to 21 participants of 100 assigned to theplacebo.a. Generate a 95% CI for the difference in proportions ofparticipants reporting a reduction of symptoms betweenthe experimental and placebo groups. TABLE 6.25 Wound Healing by TreatmentTreatmentNew compound In = 125)Placebo (n=125)None412Number of Patients with Percent Reduction in Size of Wound26-50%51-75%373245341-25%1124Description76-100%4110

The objective of this question is to calculate the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference…

Answered: A clinical trial is conducted to…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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In a single-blind controlled experiment comparing the efficacy of oral administration vs. intramuscular injection to remedy Vitamin D deficiency in the population of healthy adults ages 18–60, a team of researchers randomly recruited and assigned a sample of 12 subjects to the intramuscular injection (IM) group. Before administering the single intramuscular injection of 100,000 IU of Vitamin D to each subject in the group, the researchers measured individual baseline blood serum concentration of Vitamin D (baseline 250HD) in units of nanomoles per liter. The team reported the sample mean baseline 250HD in the IM group as 33 nmol/l with a sample standard deviation of 8.5 nmol/l. Assuming that baseline 250HD was approximately normally distributed in the population, the team also reported the 95% confidence level t-interval for the mean baseline 250HD as (26.3, 39.7). Select the correct interpretation of the 95% confidence level t-interval for the mean baseline 250HD. The researchers…
ester Hollar is vice president for human resources for a large manufacturing company. In recent years, he has noticed an increase in absenteeism that he thinks is related to the general health of the employees. Four years ago, in an attempt to improve the situation, he began a fitness program in which employees exercise during their lunch hour. To evaluate the program, he selected a random sample of eight participants and found the number of days each was absent in the six months before the exercise program began and in the six months following the exercise program. Below are the results. Employee Before After 1 6 5 2 6 2 3 7 1 4 7 3 5 4 3 6 3 6 7 5 3 8 6 7 At the 0.05 significance level, can he conclude that the number of absences has declined? Estimate the p-value. State the decision rule for 0.05 significance level. (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.) Compute the test statistic. (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)
A researcher wanted to examine whether type of dog food (freeze dried meat vs generic brand kibble) would affect dogs’ attention span. The researcher hypothesized that dogs who ate freeze dried meat would have longer attention spans than those who ate generic brand kibble. The researcher used a single sample of 13 subjects, that took part in both treatment conditions. The researcher set the alpha level at .01. The mean of the difference scores (MD)was 7.0 and the SSD for the difference in attention spans was 144. What is the calculated test statistic to the nearest thousandth? Be sure to put the positive or negative sign in front of it. Note: SHOW ALL WORK!!! Based on your work above, do you reject or retain the null? reject retain Based on your conclusion regarding the null, was there a treatment effect? Yes No
Answer the following:
You are concerned that nausea may be a side effect of Tamiflu, but you cannot just give Tamiflu to patients with the flu and say that nausea is a side effect if people become nauseous. This is because nausea is common for people who have the flu.Past studies state that about 33% of people who get the flu experience nausea. You collected data on 2248 patients who were taking Tamiflu to relieve symtoms of the flu, and found that 810 experienced nausea. You decide to carry out a simulation to test the claim that the percentage of people who take Tamiflu for the relief of flu symtoms and experience nausea is greater than 33%.a) Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.H0H0: ? p = p ≠ p < p > p ≤ p ≥ μ = μ ≠ μ < μ > μ ≤ μ ≥ H1H1: ? p = p ≠ p < p > p ≤ p ≥ μ = μ ≠ μ < μ > μ ≤ μ ≥
A clinical trial is run to assess the effects of different forms of regular exercise on HDL levels in persons between the ages of 19 and 29. Participants in the study are randomly assigned to one of three exercise groups—weight training, aerobic exercise, or stretching/yoga—and instructed to follow the program for 8 weeks. Their HDL levels are measured after 9 weeks and are summarized below. Exercise Group N Mean Std Dev Weight Training 20 49.7 10.2 Aerobic Exercise 20 43.1 11.1 Stretching/Yoga 20 57.0 12.5 Complete the following ANOVA table. Source of Error Sums of Squares df Mean Squares F Between Within 6157.32 Total 1.Write the hypotheses to be tested. 2. Write the decision rule. Please find the F for the closest df 3. What is the conclusion?
Homechooling has become very popular in the United States, and many colleges try to attract students from this group. Evidence suggests that approximately 90% of all homeschooled children attend college. To check this claim, a random sample of 208 homeschooled children was obtained, and 180 of them were found to have attended college. The researcher wishes to determine whether the proportion of homeschool children who attend college is different from 0.90. Test an appropriate hypothesis and state your conclusion. Make sure to state and check all conditions and state your conclusion in context.
Most cases of cervical cancer are linked to a few strains of the human papilloma virus (HPV). The pharmaceutical company Merck developed a vaccine (Gardisil) against these HPV strains. Worldwide clinical trials followed young women after vaccination or administration of placebo for two to four years for signs of HPV-caused cervical cancer. Based on a sample of 100 women in the Gardisil group, 24 % developed cervical cancer, and based on a sample of 100 women in the placebo group, 34 % developed cervical cancer. Test the claim that the proportion of women who developed cervical cancer in the Gardisil group is less than the proportion of women who developed cervical cancer in the placebo group at a = 0.10. Round your answers to three decimal places, and round any interim calculations to four decimal places. Fill in the hypotheses below where p₁ denotes the proportion of women who developed cervical cancer in the Gardisil group and P2 denotes the proportion of women who developed cervical…
A researcher conducts a between-subjects study to determine whether low levels of the neurochemical serotonin leads to an increase in aggression. One sample of rats serves as a control group and receives a placebo that does not affect normal levels of serotonin. A second sample of rats receives a drug that lowers brain levels of serotonin. Using an alpha level of a = .05, the researcher then tests the animals by recording the number of aggressive responses each of the rats display. The data are as follows: a.) Step 1: State the Hypotheses Ho: H₁: Control n = 10 M = 14 SS=180.5 b.) Step 2: Determine the critical region and draw it on the distribution above: df = > *critical SM₁-M₂ Low Serotonin n = 15 M = 19 SS = 130.0 c.) Step 3: Calculate the test statistic using the provided sample data: tobs d.) Step 4: Make a decision. Circle one: Reject Null (Ho) or Fail to Reject Null (Ho) e.) State your conclusions about the research scenario in sentence form: d= f.) What is the estimated effect…
A study in a journal published by the American Academy of Pediatrics (as reported in the Miami Herald, Jan. 14, 1997) seems to suggest that preschoolers who drink more than 12 ounces of fruit juice a day tend to be heavier and shorter than preschoolers who do not. The study involved a random sample of 168 healthy youngsters of whom 59 drank on average more than 12 ounces of fruit juice per day. Each child was weighed and measured. The measurements were then converted to percentage of normal height and weight for a child of that age and gender. For example, a weight percentage of 1.1 indicates that the child is 10% heavier than average. A recorded 0.80 indicates the child is 20% below the average. An average weight is recorded as 1.0. Same with height. Column 1: Juice 1- indicates child DID drink > 12 oz 2- child DID NOT drink > 12 oz Column 2: Weight% weight converted to percent of…
A team of epidemiologists at the Mayo Clinic wanted to find whether there is an association between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). They conducted a prospective cohort study following obese and non-obese individuals who were free of CVD at the beginning of study for five years. The investigators were also interested in assessing age as a potential confounder, effect modifier, or both. Use the data below to answer the accompanying questions. CVD No CVD Total Obese 10 90 100 Not Obese 35 465 500 Total 45 555 600 CVD No CVD Total Obese 36 164 200 Not Obese 25 175 200 Total 61 339 400 1. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were less than age 50. 2. Compute the appropriate measure of association for those who were older or equal to age 50. 3. Compute the crude measure of association? 4. List three attributes that age must satisfy before it could…
A randomized trial assessed the efficacy of colchicine (an anti-inflammatory drug) in reducing recurrence of pericarditis (inflammation of the outer layer of the heart). The study randomized 42 patients to colchicine and 49 patients to standard therapy, and followed them all for 6 months. They reported the following results: Colchicine Standard Rx 0-15% 35-50% 60-75% Developed Recurrent Pericarditis Yes No 10 32 27 In what range is the relative risk reduction? 85-100% 22 32 59 42 49 91 The relative risk reduction can not be calculated from these data

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