Proteins that are synthesized on the Rough ER are imported into the ER lumen after their signal sequence is recognized. Which of the following is responsible for the signal recognition?OA. Signal Recognition Particle,OB. Signal SequenceC. Stop-transfer sequenceOD. Both B and COE. None of the above

Proteins synthesized on the rough ER are directed there by a signal sequence on the nascent…

Answered: Proteins that are synthesized on the…

Biomedical Instrumentation Systems

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133478294

Author:Chatterjee

Publisher:Chatterjee

Chapter17: Instrumentation In Intensive Care Units

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6P

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Figure 9.10 In certain cancers, the GTPase activity of the RAS G-protein is inhibited. This means that the RAS protein can no longer hydrolyze GTP into GDP What effect would this have on downstream cellular events?
Figure 37.5 Heat shock proteins (HSP) are so named because they help refold misfolded proteins. In response to increased temperature (a “heat shock"), heat shock proteins are activated by release from the NR/HSP complex. At the same time, transcription of HSP genes is activated. Why do you think the cell responds to a heat shock by increasing the activity of proteins that help refold misfolded proteins?
Which of the following is characteristic of genes and gene regulation in both bacteria and eukaryotes? (a) promoters (b) non-coding DNA within coding sequences (c) enhancers (d) operons (e) DNA located in a nucleus
During signal transduction (a) the cell converts an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal that leads to a change in some cell process (b) a signaling molecule directly activates or represses several genes (c) each enzyme catalyzes production of one molecule of product (d) enzymes in the signal cascade remain active until the last component of the pathway alters a cellular process (e) the signal is terminated by cyclic AMP
Scaffold proteins (a) release kinases and phosphatases into the extracellular fluid (b) bind G proteins to cell membranes (c) increase accuracy but slow signaling cascades (d) organize groups of intracellular signaling molecules into signaling complexes (e) are transcription factors found mainly in plant cells
In signal transduction, which of the following is not a target protein? a. proteins that regulate gene activity b. hormones that activate the receptor c. enzymes of pathways d. transport proteins e. enzymes of cell reactions
What accounts for the specificity of a cellular response to a signal molecule?
Binding or ___ to ___ in DNA can increase the rate of transcription of specific genes. a. activators; repressors b. activators; enhancers c. repressors: operators d. repressors: enhancers
INTERPRET DATA Develop a simple hypothesis that would explain the behavior of each of the following types of mutants in E. coli. Mutant a: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if large amounts of tryptophan are present in the growth medium. Mutant b: The map position of this mutation is in the trp operon. The mutant cells do not produce any enzymes coded for by the trp operon under any conditions. Mutant c: The map position of this mutation is some distance from the trp operon. The mutant cells are constitutive; that is, they produce all the enzymes coded for by the trp operon, even if the growth medium contains large amounts of tryptophan.
A scientist observes a mutation in the transmembrane region of EGFR that eliminates its ability to be stabilized by binding interactions during dimerization after ligand binding. Which hypothesis regarding the effect of this mutation on EGF signaling is most likely to be correct? EGF signaling cascades would be active for longer in the cell. EGF signaling cascades would be active for a shorter period of time in the cell. EGF signaling cascades would not occur. EGF signaling would be unaffected.
When growth hormone binds to an enzyme-linked receptor, (a) G proteins are amplified into a cascade of molecules (b) the enzyme portion of the receptor becomes dephosphorylated (c) the receptor becomes activated and phosphorylates signaling proteins in the cell (d) an ion channel is opened (e) an immediate signal is sent into the nucleus, and specific genes are activated or inhibited
Figure 10.14 Human papillomavirus can cause cervical cancer. The virus encodes E6, a protein that binds p53. Based on this fact and what you know about p53, what effect do you think E6 binding has on p53 activity? E6 activates p53 E6 inactivates p53 E6 mutates p53 E6 binding marks p53 for degradation

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