Nucleotide Position 1 5 10 15 Sequence 1. . . . T C T G G A T C A T C A C A T . . . Sequence 2. . . . T C T G G A T C A T C A C A T . . . Sequence 3. . . . T C A G G A T C A T T A C A T . . . Sequence 4. . . . A C A G C A T C A T T A C G T . . . Sequence 5. . . . T C A G G A T C A T T A C A T . . . Sequence 6. . . . T C A G G A T C A T T A C A T . . . Sequence 7. . . . A C A G C A T C A T T A C G T . . . Sequence 8. . . . A C A G C A T C A T T A C G T . . . a) Eight DNA sequences (1-8) of 15 nucleotides each were compared for SNPs (see above). Give the nucleotide positions of all SNPs (search for differences in nucleotides in each vertical column). b)How many different haplotypes (sets of linked variants) are found in these eight sequences? (how many DNA sequences carry the same SNPs in all positions?) c)What are the haplotypes in these sequences? (what are the combinations of SNPs in each haplotype?)
A haplotype is a set of DNA variations, or polymorphisms, that tend to be inherited together. A haplotype can refer to a combination of alleles or to a set of single
SNPs occur normally throughout a person’s DNA. They occur almost once in every 1,000 nucleotides on average, which means there are roughly 4 to 5 million SNPs in a person's genome. These variations may be unique or occur in many individuals; Most commonly, these variations are found in the DNA between genes. They can act as biological markers, helping scientists locate genes that are associated with disease. When SNPs occur within a gene or in a regulatory region near a gene, they may play a more direct role in disease by affecting the gene’s function.
Nucleotide Position
1 5 10 15
Sequence 1. . . . T C T G G A T C A T C A C A T . . .
Sequence 2. . . . T C T G G A T C A T C A C A T . . .
Sequence 3. . . . T C A G G A T C A T T A C A T . . .
Sequence 4. . . . A C A G C A T C A T T A C G T . . .
Sequence 5. . . . T C A G G A T C A T T A C A T . . .
Sequence 6. . . . T C A G G A T C A T T A C A T . . .
Sequence 7. . . . A C A G C A T C A T T A C G T . . .
Sequence 8. . . . A C A G C A T C A T T A C G T . . .
a) Eight DNA sequences (1-8) of 15 nucleotides each were compared for SNPs (see above). Give the nucleotide positions of all SNPs (search for differences in nucleotides in each vertical column).
b)How many different haplotypes (sets of linked variants) are found in these eight
sequences? (how many DNA sequences carry the same SNPs in all positions?)
c)What are the haplotypes in these sequences? (what are the combinations of SNPs in each haplotype?)
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